Modeling and Simulation for Pedestrian Behavior in Congested Circumstances

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This project aims to construct model(s) for pedestrian behavior in congested circumstances with density higher than 1 person /m^2, and to examine various characteristics of pedestrian flow by simulation.Osaragi and his group have constructed a model describing pedestrian behavior based on the concept of mental stress. Unknown parameters of the model are estimated using observed data from real pedestrian behavior. The resultant model can describe differences of pedestrian behavior arising from different walkers' characteristics. Through the results of simulations of the proposed model, they examine comfort and efficiency of pedestrian space.Yamada and her group have constructed a simulation system to model mobile user behavior in urban spaces covering roads, railways, stations and traffic signals. It can simulate, for example, situations where each mobile user starts from his/her home, walks along street, arrives at a station, and leaves on the train. Using the system, base station location policies of a moble communication system are discussed in terms of performance characteristics such as call loss probabilities.Takahashi and his group have constructed two models.(a) A pedestrian behavior model for the cases with density higher than 1 person/m^2. The model uses the concept of priority between pedestrians confronting with each other and devices a suitable estimation mechanism for the speeds of other pedestrians. Simulation studies reveal that the model can be applied to congested circumstances with density up to 2 persons/m^2.(b) A model for pedestrians including pairs and groups. In the model, pairs walk along with each other if it is not congested, but walk independently if it is heavily congested. Simulation studies reveal that the existence of pairs and groups significantly decreases the average speed of pedestrians, for example 20% less when the density is 0.8 pedestrians/m^2.