Study on the Classification of Industrial Wastes and their Disposal Sites

分别于1992年7月至1995年11月和1994年11月至1995年6月对长冈和大吉屋稳定型工业固体废物处理场的污水进行了分析。根据上述结果，从减少工业废物的数量和尽量减少对环境的不利影响的角度出发，提出了工业废物及其处置地点的新分类如下：1。首先，工业固体废物应分为“有机”和“无机”。其次，应测量有机或无机废物中的有害物质，即重金属和总有机卤素（TOX）。如果无机废物在第二步被判定为无害，则应将其处置在现有的稳定型处置场地中。如果有害，则不进行洗脱处理，废物应在新型的专用（有害无机）处置场地处置，该场地底部内衬橡胶片，并设有污水处理厂。如果有机废物在第二步中被判定为无害，则应将其处置在具有促进有机分解和处理废水的装置的新型专用（无害有机）处置场地。或者，将有机废物氧化为无机废物并返回第二步。如果有机废物是有害的，应不进行洗涤处理，并应在新型的专用（有害有机）处置场地进行处置，该场地具有促进有机分解和处理废水的装置，底部内衬橡胶片。或者，将有机废物氧化为无机废物并返回第二步。不能采用无洗脱处理和（或）危害极大的废物，应在现有的隔离式处置场所处置。

Effluent from stable-type industrial solid waste disposal sites in Nagaoka and Ojiya was analyzed from July 1992 to November 1995 and from November 1994 and June 1995, respectively.Base on the above results, from a standpoint to reduce the volume of industrial wastes and to minimize adverse environmental effects, a new clasification of industrial wastes and their disposal sites was proposed as below.1. First, industrial solid wastes should be classified into "organic" and "inorganic".2. Next, hazardous substances, that is heavy metals and Total Organic Halogen (TOX), in the organic or the inorganic waste should be measured.3. If the inorganic waste is judged as non-hazardous in the 2nd step, it should be disposed of in a present stable-type disposal site. If hazardous, treatment for no elution should be carried out and the waste should be disposed of in a new-type and exclusive (hazardous inorganic) disposal site, which bottom are lined with rubber sheets and has an effluent treatment plant.4. If the organic waste is judged as non-hazardous in the 2nd step, it should be disposed of in a new type and exclusive (non-hazardous organic) disposal site which has devices to promote organic decomposition and to treat effluent. Or, the organic waste should be oxidized into inorganic and returned to the 2nd step. If the organic waste is hazardous, treatment for no elution should be done and it shoule be disposed of in a new-type and exclusive (hazardous organic) disposal site which has devices to promote organic decomposition and to treat wastewater, and which bottom are lined with rubber sheets. Or, the organic waste should be oxidized into inorganic and returned to the 2nd step.5. Wastes for which treatment for no elution cannot be adopted and/or which are so harmful should be disposed of in a present isolated-type disposal site.