Research on Maintaining of Function of Life-saving Lifelines and Mitigation of Casualty

1. 2004年新泻中越地震发生后，进行了现场调查、伤亡信息收集和应急行动。根据获得的数据，分析了伤亡与地震烈度的关系等问题。分析了地震后伤员应急运输系统的优化问题，以挽救生命。调查了地震后灾害信息通信系统的现状。这表明光缆的地震对策和预警系统需要进一步的研究。基于2004年新泻中越地震资料，提出了道路系统地震危险性评价方法。采用离散元法分析了在假定列车因桥梁坍塌而坠落的情况下对人体的冲击力和列车的行为。分析了地震后应急供水地点对受灾群众用水行为的影响。7 .基于2004年新泻中越地震期间急诊医院的问卷调查数据，分析医院内外供水系统的地震风险。基于人口暴露于地震烈度与伤亡的宏观关系，建立了伤亡估计方法。进行了有效应力分析，获得了地面上、地下生命线设施的受力特性。

1. Site investigation and information gathering on casualty and emergency action were done after the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu earthquake. Relation between casualty and seismic intensity, and other issues were analyzed based on the obtained data.2. Optimized problems were analyzed on the emergency transportation systems for injured persons after earthquakes to save human lives.3. States of the arts of communication systems for disaster information after earthquakes were investigated. It revealed that seismic countermeasures of optical cables and early warning systems must be researched further more.4. Evaluation method of seismic risk of road systems was obtained based on the data during the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu earthquake.5. Impact force to human body and the behavior of trains were analyzed by Distinct Element Method under the assumption of the fall of running trains due to the collapse of bridge girders.6. Effects of the location of emergency water supply after earthquakes were analyzed in respect to the action of the usage of the water by sufferers.7. Seismic risk of water supply systems in and out of hospitals were analyzed based on the questionnaire data of emergency medical care hospitals during the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu earthquake.8. Estimation method for casualty was built based on the macroscopic relation between population exposure to seismic intensity and casualty.9. Effective stress analysis were done to obtain the behavior of above and below surface ground lifeline facilities.