Introduction of the Advanced Civil Engineering technologies of the Western Countries in the Modernized Japan

在2003年至2006年的三年时间里，我们对（1）国外土木工程遗产的实地考察，（2）国内外资料的收集与分析，包括日本土木工程遗产的新选择进行了研究。（1）我们参观了美国的20座重要桥梁、水坝和运河，库页岛的一座重要水坝，重要的石堤、悬索桥、混凝土桥等10座。通过这些考察，我们获得了各种重要的信息，这些信息对于构建日本土木工程史的新体系是有效的。关于（2），我们继续收集有关水坝、港口、悬索桥和混凝土桥的各种数据。就水坝而言，我们可以通过将其分为四类，如重力式（直的和弯曲的）、拱形和支墩式水坝，来概括“技术的必然性和接受/拒绝”。在港口方面，我们重点介绍了沉箱式防波堤和码头，可以确认沉箱结构在20世纪30 - 40年代达到了世界顶级水平。在桥梁方面，我们也证实了悬索桥和混凝土桥技术在日本引进后表现出不同的发展。最后，我们可以在“日本的土木工程遗产：作为现代化日本1865-1945纪念碑的重要2000建筑物”列表中添加一些有用的数据。

Over a period of three years between 2003 and 2006, we have studied about (1)on-site inspection of foreign civil engineering heritage, (2)collection of internal and foreign data, and their analysis, including the newly selection of Japanese civil engineering heritage.Concerning (1), we have visited twenty of important bridges, dams and canals in USA, one important dam in Sakhalin, and ten of important stone breakwater, suspension bridges and concrete bridges. Through these inspections, we have gotten various important information which were valid to construct a new scheme of civil engineering history in Japan.Concerning (2), we have continued to collect various kinds of data on dams, harbors, suspension bridges and concrete bridges. In case of dams, we could get an outline on "the inevitability and acceptance / rejection of technology" by classifying into four categories, such as, gravity-type (straight and curved), arch-type and buttress-type dams. In case of harbors, we have focused on the caisson-type breakwaters and pier, and could confirm that the level of caisson structures in the 1930-40s was reached at the top-level in the world. In case of bridges, we have also confirmed that the technologies of suspension and concrete bridges showed different development in Japan after they were introduced. And finally, we could add some profitable data on the list of "Civil Engineering Heritage in Japan : Important 2000 Structures as Monument of the Modernized Japan 1865-1945".