Development of osteoconductive materials using ion conductive ceramics

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Large surface charges were demonstrated to be inducible on ionic conductive ceramics by ion transport polarization based on thermally stimulated depolarization measurements. We have been demonstrated by simulated body fluid tests that the negative, surface charges induced by the electrical polarization increased the overgrowth conductivity on the ionic conductive ceramic surface but that the positive charge diminished the overgrowth ability. The charge-induced surfaces of the ionic conductive ceramics promoted bone reconstructions in wide defects of canine bones at 7days after the implantation, whereas the processes varied according to the charge polarity. The idea of the activated field concerning the in vitro overgrowth should be extensible into the in vivo calcification reactions of the electrically polarized ionic conductive ceramics implanted in bone tissues. Moreover, we have proved that the electrical polarization techniques were applicable not only to hydroxyapatite but also to zirconia and bioactive glass and established the electrical polarization technologies for ionic conductive ceramics.