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Establishment of pasture for environmental education, which aimed to coexistence of agriculture and wildlife in reclaimed land.

建立环境教育牧场，旨在复垦土地上农业与野生动物共存。

基本信息

批准号：
15380168
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 7.04万
依托单位：
Kitasato University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to establish the environmental education farm in Hotokenuma reclaimed land, where was registered as the wetland of Ramsar treaty, it is necessary to establish the ecological grassland reclamation method in wetland, management manual for present biotope, method for establishing biotope, and managing of the environmental education farm. We aimed to resolve these subjects.Pumping drainage is necessary to keep reclaimed land, especially during inundation in paddy field surrounding Hotokenuma reclaimed land. Lateral drainage canal, farm drain, and mole drain had been settled in 2002 and 2003 for improvement of drainage effect. As a result, underground water level lowered and discharge by farm drain increased. In particular, mole drain contributed to drainage effect and soils were kept to be dry. It made depressed growth of common reed (Phragmites australis) and enhanced growth of forage grasses.Root-mats were crushed by disc harrow. It contributed to increase in number of seed which were sown in the cracks between crushed root-mat. Germination percentage of seed in the cracks was higher than that on the root-mat and root growth in the cracks was improved compared germinated on the root-mat. Heavy grazing at the initial stage of non-tilled establishment depressed regrowth of common reed and improved establish of forage grasses. We confirmed that an endangered species, Megalurus pryeri used established pasture. Growth of understory affected on the distribution of Megalurus pryeri. We also confirmed inhabiting of rare species and acquire new knowledge concerning effects of burning on common reed, although some subjects were remained.Training course of escorting guide for environmental educational farm was carried out. We also held forum and workshop as the publicity activities for extending our knowledge to citizens. These activities made the base for management and wise use and will contribute to future usage.

为了在登记为拉姆萨尔公约湿地的萤沼复垦地建立环境教育农场，需要制定湿地生态草地复垦方法、现有生境管理手册、生境建立方法和环境教育农场的管理。本课题旨在解决这些课题。特别是在萤沼复垦地周围的稻田被淹时，为了保持复垦地，有必要进行抽水排水。2002年和2003年，为改善排水效果，对排水支渠、农田排水沟、鼠沟进行了整治。因此，地下水位下降，农田排水量增加。特别是，鼹鼠排水有助于排水效果和土壤保持干燥。用圆盘耙粉碎芦苇根垫，结果表明：圆盘耙粉碎芦苇根垫后，芦苇根垫的生长受到抑制，而牧草根垫的生长受到促进。它有助于增加种子的数量，这些种子被播种在破碎的根垫之间的裂缝中。种子在裂缝中的萌发率高于在根垫上的萌发率，且在裂缝中的根系生长比在根垫上的要好。免耕建植初期的过度放牧抑制了芦苇的再生长，促进了牧草的建植。我们证实，一个濒危物种，Megalurus pryeri使用既定的草地。林下植被的生长影响大眼鲷的分布。我们还确认了稀有物种的栖息，并获得了新的知识，关于燃烧对普通芦苇的影响，虽然有些科目仍然存在。我们还举办了论坛和工作坊，作为向市民普及知识的宣传活动。这些活动为管理和合理使用奠定了基础，并将有助于今后的使用。