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Oversea research project to gather historical documents, data, and records of experimental equipments about Japanese Psychology

收集有关日本心理学的历史文献、数据和实验设备记录的海外研究项目

基本信息

批准号：
15402045
负责人：
NISHIKAWA Yasuo
金额：
$ 8.26万
依托单位：
The University of the air
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The first aim of this oversea research project is to find out or to gather historical documents which tell us the starting background of new psychology (that means the scientific and experimental psychology), and acceptance and developmental processes of this psychology in Japan, and also to find the records of founders who brought modern psychology into Japan, and whose mentors of this academic field in the world. The secondly, it is very important for us to leave not only records but also real historical experimental devices that played important roles in establishing modern scientific psychology for the future. It was clearly shown that among those historical instruments, chronometrical instruments such as Wundt's chronograph, Hipp's chronometer and/or Scriputure's swing chronometer were the most useful and important tools for measuring mental time, which is a reaction time or response latency time used clarifying the invisible inner mental processes. However, almost all of these do … More cuments, records, and instruments thrown away or disappeared from laboratories of psychology departments all over the world with innovations of modern technology, and only remain in the memory of old psychologist who are still alive, or in a few Archives of the History of Psychology, such as Akron University, and the oldest psychological laboratory, such as Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University, and Clark University, in USA. To avoid this crisis, it is very important for us to construct such archives and/or to make collections as those at Akron and Harvard University as soon as possible. So, it is our great regret that it is an essential way for us to explore such oversea Archives and collections of historical experimental instruments, or department of psychology and library to find out necessary information and documents or records about Japanese history of psychology. Basically, this is the reason why this oversea research project is planed. From these research, the process of sowing modern western psychology and seeing it blossom on Japanese ground is clarified from various viewpoints as follows ; 1)The origin of the scientific name, "shinrigaku", in Japanese comes from the book titled "mental philosophy" written by J.Haven, not Psychology, and translated into Japanese by Amane Nishi. 2)Who brought modern psychology to Japan, and who was their mentor? The founder's name was Yujiro Motora, who received a Ph. D, under the supervision of Dr.G.S.Hall, from Johns Hopkins University in 1888. Dr.Motora returned to Japan and took a position at the Imperial University, which was the only public university in the Meiji era, and first lectured on psychophysics, opening his laboratory for experimental psychology in 1903. 3)An overview of the history of psychology after Motora in Japan and the background to the development of the Japanese Psychological Association established in 1927. 4)The spread processes of modern psychology through the public and/or private educational system in Japan and overseas financial support from such as the Rockefeller foundation.. Less

本海外研究计划的第一个目的是寻找或收集历史文献，告诉我们新心理学（即科学和实验心理学）的起源背景，以及这种心理学在日本的接受和发展过程，并找到将现代心理学带入日本的创始人的记录，以及世界上这一学术领域的导师。第二，不仅要留下文献记载，而且要留下真实的历史实验装置，这些实验装置在建立现代科学心理学中发挥了重要作用。在这些历史仪器中，冯特的计时器、希普的计时器和/或斯克里普特的摆动计时器等计时仪器是测量心理时间的最有用和最重要的工具，心理时间是用来澄清无形的内在心理过程的反应时间或反应潜伏时间。然而，几乎所有这些都 ...更多信息随着现代技术的革新，世界各地的心理学系实验室中的档案、记录和仪器都被扔掉或消失了，只保留在仍然健在的老心理学家的记忆中，或少数几个心理学史档案馆中，如美国的阿克伦大学和最古老的心理学实验室，如美国的哈佛大学、约翰霍普金斯大学和克拉克大学。为了避免这一危机，我们必须尽快建立像阿克伦大学和哈佛大学那样的档案馆和/或进行收藏。因此，我们深感遗憾的是，我们必须通过对这些海外档案馆和历史实验仪器的收藏，或心理学部门和图书馆的调查，来寻找有关日本心理学史的必要信息和文献或记录。基本上，这就是为什么这个海外研究项目的计划。通过这些研究，从以下几个方面阐明了现代西方心理学在日本大地上播种和开花的过程：（1）日语中“精神学”这一科学名称的来源是J.Haven所著的《心理哲学》一书，而不是《心理学》。2)是谁把现代心理学带到了日本，谁又是他们的导师？创始人的名字是Yujiro Motora，他于1888年在约翰霍普金斯大学G.S.Hall博士的指导下获得博士学位。莫托拉博士回到日本，在明治时代唯一的公立大学帝国大学任职，并首次讲授心理物理学，1903年开设了实验心理学实验室。（3）对日本自莫托拉之后的心理学发展史的概述，以及1927年成立的日本心理学会的发展背景。4)现代心理学通过日本的公立和/或私立教育系统以及洛克菲勒基金会等海外资助的传播过程。少