Molecular epidemiological study on blood-borne protozoan parasites of small ruminants in China

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Hemoprotozaon parasite closely related to Chinese Theileria species in Sheep was detected from ticks, Haemaphysalis japonicum infesting on Japanese serow and blood samples of serow by using PCR targeting small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Chinese Theileria sp. from sheep. However, its infectivity to splenectomized sheep was not confirmed when blood from infected serow was injected. Therefore, transmission of Theileria parasites between domestic and wild ruminants was considered no to occur under natural condition.Several methods based on loop-mediated DNA amplification (LAMP) have been developed for diagnoses of diseases caused by hemoprotozoan parasites, including equine Babesia/Trypanosoma, ovine Babesia/Theileria. Specificity and sensitivity of these tests had been demonstrated to be high as compared with the results obtained by PCR tests. Infection rate of Trypanosoma evansi among horses in Xinjian area exceeded 90 % as determined by LAMP. These LAMP methods will be useful for molecular epidemiological studies of hemoprotozoan parasites in China.