Genome analysis of Theileria orientalis and its functional genomics

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The complete genome sequence of Theileria orientalis, the causal agent of bovine theileriosis in Japan, was determined. Total genome size is 8,983,596 bp consisting of four chromosomes. Two full-length cDNA libraries from intraerythrocytic piroplasm were constructed by using oligo-capping and vector-trapper methods and conventional cDNA library stage. A total of 27,478 ESTs were mapped on the genome sequence. By using two gene prediction soft-wares, Glimmer 2 and Genewise, about 3,900 genes were predicted, which were subsequently automatically and manually annotated. By comparison of T. orientalis genome with those of T. parva and T. annulata revealed significant structural differences. Among all, T. orientalis contains single copies of genes which are found as tandem-repeated multiple copy gene families in T. parva/annulata, and structures at subtelomeric ends of each chromosome are different.By synteny analysis, orthologues of T. parva/annulata schizont and spolozoite proteins were identified. Furthermore, orthologue of T. orientalis band 3 binding protein (TpSCOP) was found and its actin-binding activity and possible role in host cell resistance apoptosis were determined.