Investigation of Indonesian Marine Organisms as Medicinal Resources

印度尼西亚由17，000多个岛屿组成，这些岛屿沿着赤道分布，横跨两大洋。众所周知，印度尼西亚沃茨有各种各样的固着生物，如海绵和软珊瑚。然而，人们对它们的区域和生物分布以及生物医学潜力知之甚少。我们是一群来自印度尼西亚和日本的科学家，旨在对这些生物进行调查，收集以及化学和药物研究。由于工业和城市污水以及土地开发排放的红粘土沉积造成沿海环境恶化，日本沿海的固着海洋生物的生存受到威胁。这种情况不仅限于日本。在印度尼西亚，特别是在雅加达和其他沿海城市的沿着，也出现了类似的情况。不仅从环境保护的角度来看，问题也很严重。考虑到这些情况，我们在印度尼西亚海洋生物中的一些物种从沿海沃茨消失之前，开始了作为新药先导化合物来源的研究。本研究是作为Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Oseanologi（海洋学研究与发展中心）-LIPI、楠榜大学、印度尼西亚Diponegoro大学、大坂大学和日本琉球大学的合作项目进行的。我们于2003年在苏门答腊岛的楠榜、2004年在爪哇岛的卡里塔和2005年在比亚克岛进行了海洋无脊椎动物调查，如下所示。1)通过水肺潜水寻找海洋无脊椎动物的多样性和纠正。2)海洋无脊椎动物生物活性成分的分离。我们已经分离出几种抗肿瘤活性成分（细胞周期抑制剂或抗血管生成）。3)海洋沉积物中海洋微生物的分离及其生物活性成分的研究。

Indonesia consists of more than 17,000 islands distributed along the equator stretched over the two oceans. The Indonesian waters are known to have diverse species of sessile organisms such as sponges and soft corals. However, their regional and biological distribution and biomedical potential are scarcely understood. We, a group of scientists from both Indonesia and Japan, aim to conduct survey, collection, and chemical and pharmaceutical investigation of these organisms. Owing to the deterioration of coastal environment caused by industrial and municipal effluents and also by sedimentation of red clay discharged from land development, existence of sessile marine organisms are endangered in the coasts of Japan. This situation is not confined only to Japan. Similar situation is developing in Indonesia, especially along the coasts of Jakarta and other coastal cities. The problem is serious not only from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.Considering these situations, we started the study of Indonesian marine organisms as sources of lead compounds for new medicines before some of these species disappear from the coastal waters. The present research is carried out as a collaborative project of Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Oseanologi (Research and Development Centre for Oceanology)-LIPI, Lampung University, Diponegoro University, Indonesia and Osaka University and University of the Ryukyus, Japan. We have proceeded survey of marine invertebrates at Lampung in Sumatra Island in 2003, Carita in Java Island in 2004, and Biak Island in 2005 as shown below. 1) Search for diversity and correction of marine invertebrates by SCUBA diving. 2) Isolation of bioactive constituents from those marine invertebrates. We have already isolated several anti-tumor active constituents (cell cycle inhibitor or anti-angiogenesis). 3) Separation of marine microorganism from marine sediment and investigation of bioactive constituents of those marine microorganisms.