Effect of folate contain food and diet on hyperhomocysteinemia and/or insulin resistance in young generation.

中度高同型半胱氨酸血症和胰岛素抵抗被认为是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的危险因素。我们调查了日本年轻一代的血清叶酸和血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度以及胰岛素抵抗水平，以揭示这些参数之间的关系，以阐明可以同时改善所有这些参数的食物和饮食组合。（研究一）研究对象为184名日本男性企业职员，年龄20-45岁。测定血清叶酸和血浆同型半胱氨酸、生化指标和维生素浓度，并评估MTHFR基因型。保持饮食记录并计算营养素摄入量。结果与讨论：平均血清叶酸浓度为7.1ng/mL，平均血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度为11.1nmol/mL。所有受试者中有21%为中度高同型半胱氨酸血症。HOMA-IR> 2.0的可疑胰岛素抵抗者占31%。在20岁时，观察到血清叶酸浓度的对数与HOMA-IR的对数以及脂肪食物摄入频率之间呈负相关。提示城市成年人脂质摄入对叶酸浓度和胰岛素抵抗状况有影响。（研究2）将女大学生分为两组，即日本饮食干预组和西方饮食干预组（能量：1800千卡，脂肪含量：25% VS 32%，胆固醇：200 VS 400 mg，PUFA/SFA：1.5 VS 1.0，叶酸：500 VS 250 μ g）。实验饮食消耗7天。结果与讨论：与西方饮食组相比，日本饮食组的LDL-胆固醇和ALT水平降低。血清叶酸浓度升高，但两组胰岛素抵抗参数无差异。日本饮食比西方饮食更能有效降低血清脂质浓度和提高血清叶酸浓度。

Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia and insulin resistance are recognized as risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases. We investigated serum folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations and level of insulin resistance to reveal the relationship among these parameters in Japanese young generation, in order to clarify the food and diet combination which can improve all those parameters simultaneously.(Study 1) Subjects were 184 of Japanese male corporation employees, 20-45 years old. Serum folate and plasma homocysteine, biochemical parameters and vitamin concentrations were determined, and MTHFR genotypes were assessed. Dietary records were kept and nutrient intake was calculated. Results & Discussion : The mean serum folate concentration was 7.1ng/mL and the mean plasma homocysteine concentration was 11.1nmol/mL. Twenty-one % of all subjects were moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Subjects with HOMA-IR above 2.0 suspected insulin resistance accounted for 31%. In the twenties, negative correlation was observed between the log serum folate concentration and log HOMA-IR, and frequency of fatty foods consumption. Folate concentration and condition of insulin resistance were suggested to be influenced by lipid intake in adults in the urban area.(Study 2) Female university students were divided into two intervention groups as Japanese diet and Western diet (energy : 1800kcal, fat en% : 25% VS 32%, cholesterol: 200 VS 400mg, PUFA/SFA 1.5 VS 1.0, folate : 500 VS 250ug) group. Experimental diets were consumed for 7 days. Results & Discussion : In the Japanese diet group, LDL-cholesterol and ALT level decreased compared with the Western diet group. Serum folate concentration increased, however no difference was observed on the parameters of insulin resistance in both the groups. Japanese diet should be more effective than Western diet to decrease serum lipids concentration and increase the serum folate concentration.