Chemical features and the mechanism of the preferential elution of the major ion in acidic snow melting water by acid shock

酸性融雪水中主要离子酸激优先洗脱的化学特征及机理

• 批准号: 16310129
• 负责人: SATOW Kazuhide
• 金额: $ 4.54万
• 依托单位: Nagaoka National College of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16310129/
• 关键词: acid shock; pH; acid snow (acid rain); hydrogen peroxide; melting snow; ion concentration

To clarify the realities of an acid snow in Japan, snow pit studies was carried out at several places in Hokkaido, and Honshu in Japan, and the snowfall sample was able to be obtained. Moreover, the precipitation once a day was gathered throughout the year at this school in Nagaoka City. Regional differences and elevation - differences could be understood in distribution of acid substances in snow and snow melting features. To search the behavior of the ion at snow-melting, the thermal analyses of the melting water of snow were done with Differential Scanning Calorimetry to analyses of the melting temperature and melting energy of uniting water and free water with different ion species and ion concentrations. The difference of flow out speed between different ion species can be seen, but also between different snows. It seems to be related to different ions and ion concentrations.Precipitation in winter was classified into three forms of hailstone, snow and rain, to examine the charact … More eristic of ion concentrations by the difference of the form of precipitation. Each concentration of the major ions showed some different features.To examine an atmospheric chemistry system in the background of pH value in precipitation, measurements of hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) concentration in precipitation were carried out. H_2O_2 has a strong correlation with OH-radical that becomes the leading part of the oxidation of SO_2 and NO_2 in atmosphere. This research accomplishment was delayed because the severe earthquake attacked Chuetsu region, Niigata Prefecture, in October, 2004. However, the measurement of H_2O_2 concentration will become possible soon and some interesting results are being obtained. The H_2O_2 concentration in precipitation of winter at Nagaoka City indicated a high value in daytime. Moreover, a tendency that the H_2O_2 concentration decreases was seen as precipitation increased. Examining the relation between SO_4^<2-> and NO_3^- -H_2O_2 concentration, an especially clear correlation was not obtained though a constant tendency was seen. Less

为了弄清日本酸性雪的真实性，在日本的北海道和本州的几个地方进行了雪坑研究，并获得了降雪样品。而且，长冈市的这所学校，一年四季都聚集着一天一次的降水。积雪中酸性物质的分布和融雪特征存在地域差异和海拔差异。为了探索离子在雪融化过程中的行为，采用差示扫描量热法对雪融水进行了热分析，分析了不同离子种类和浓度的结合水和自由水的融化温度和融化能。可以看出不同离子种类之间流出速度的差异，但也可以看出不同雪之间的差异。将冬季降水分为冰雹、雪和雨三种形式，分析了冰雹和雪的特征， ...更多信息 离子浓度的差异取决于沉淀形式的不同。为了考察降水pH值背景下的大气化学系统，对降水中H_2O_2浓度进行了测量。H_2O_2与OH-自由基有很强的相关性，OH-自由基是大气中SO_2和NO_2氧化的主导部分。由于2004年10月新泻县中越地区发生强烈地震，本研究成果被推迟。然而，H_2O_2浓度的测量将很快成为可能，并正在获得一些有趣的结果。长冈市冬季降水中的H_2O_2浓度在白天有较高值。随着降水量的增加，H_2O_2浓度有降低的趋势。研究了SO_4 ~（2-）<2->与NO_3 ~（2-）-H_2O_2浓度的关系，发现两者之间虽有一定的相关性，但相关性不明显。少