Basic Study on Decentralized Society : role of State Governments in the USA and Provincial governments in Canada

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1) With regard to policy innovation, American state governments and Canadian provincial governments are innovative and various new programs (such as health care and environmental protection) are introduced by them in the past decades. But it is not easy to identify reasons of such innovations and success, due to each state and province tries to introduce its program in a different environment.2) Thus, we carried out our research projects in the following manner :Kato Federal-State relations in the USA and Federal-Province relations in Canada constitutional jurisdictions, political relations, and fiscal relations)Fujita Local economy and economic developmentMizoue Administration of education policy in 2 American states (NY and Vermont) and 2 Canadian provinces (Ontario and New Brunswick)3) Our approach to this subject was two way : a case study approach, and interdisciplinary approach。What we need in the future is a theoretical analysis of role of state/provincial governments in federal systems.