"Forms" and Integrating Functions of Law in the West and Japan Comparative Study in Consideration of Studies about Historical Materials and Cultural History

本研究探讨了法律在欧洲和日本历史上的整合功能。我们所注意的主要不是法律的实体，而是法律在广义上的形式，即表达法律的形式。本文还探讨了史料研究和文化史研究的方法，包括文献对中世纪早期意大利统治与整合的意义，萨克森明镜宪法概念中“兰德雷希特”与“列恩雷希特”的关系，中世纪和近代早期法律的文献和政治的制度体系的安排和整合，中世纪京都的法律的一体化是通过史料的研究得以明确的。在文化史研究中，着重探讨了中世纪德意志人的国家形象、中世纪盛期德意志国王的审判和中世纪晚期德意志贵族的争斗，罗马帝国晚期关于捐赠的诏书，近代早期德国领土城市的法律类型和近代早期德国大学的法律的教育被视为法律的形式，历史的转折点。本文以卢曼的“包容与排斥”命题为切入点，探讨了整合在当代世界的意义，并结合日本从古代到近代的官方和半官方史学，探讨了日本整合的特点。

This research studied the integrating functions of law in the history of Europe and Japan. We gave attention mainly not to the substances of law, but to its forms in a broad sense, the forms, in which laws are expressed. The methods of the studies about the historical materials and the cultural history were also considered.The significance of the documents for rule and integration in the early medieval Italy, the relationship of the "Landrecht" and "Lehnrecht" in the Sachsenspiegel's concept of the constitution, the arrangement and integration by the Institutiones-system in the medieval and early modern legal literatures and the political-legal integration in medieval Kyoto were made clear in relation to the studies about the historical materials. The image of state of the medieval Germans, the trials before the German kings in the high middle ages and the feuds of the German nobles in the later middle ages were inquired with attention to the studies of the cultural history.The imperial rescripts about the donation in the later Roman empire, the typs of the law in the early modern German territorial city and the legal education at the early modern German universities were treated as the forms of law at the turning points in history. Niklas Luhmann's thesis about inclusion and exclusion was nearly studied as the meaning of integration in the contemporary world and the Japanese characteristics of integration were also inquired dealing with the official and semi-official historiographies from ancient to modern Japan.