Development and Application of Novel 3-Dimensional Hydrophobic Structures for Drug Design, Which Are Focused on Molecular Recognition between Ligand and Receptor

碳硼烷（dicarba-closo-dodecoboranes）是一类具有球形、热稳定性和疏水性的多面体硼原子簇化合物。在本研究中，我们利用它们的分子形状和分子的疏水表面来设计和合成核受体配体。本文还研究了碳硼烷衍生物的疏水作用和氢键作用，以及用于分析和制备各种含碳硼烷化合物的碳硼烷衍生物的合成方法。研究结果如下：1.候选雌激素受体配体与两个酚残基上的3维疏水核心结构（碳硼烷，双环[2，2，2]辛烷，金刚烷）的合成和生物学评价。在含碳硼烷的化合物中，激动剂/拮抗剂的平衡随两个酚基的方向和距离而动态变化.以睾酮和芳香族抗雌激素药物为基础，设计并合成了以碳硼烷为疏水药效团的雄激素受体候选配体，并进行了生物学评价。发现了新的强效非甾体雄激素拮抗剂BA 321、BA 341.用核磁共振氢谱研究了2-（2-羟基苯基）-邻-碳硼烷和2-（2-羟基苯基）-对-碳硼烷的分子内氢键。通过X射线衍射、红外光谱和密度泛函理论计算证实了分子内氢键的存在.介绍了碳硼烷衍生物的几种合成方法，如碳硼烷笼上的区域选择性碘化反应、碳硼烷笼上的一个碳的简易羟基化反应等。

Carboranes (dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes) are a class of carbon-containing polyhedral boron-cluster compounds having globular shape, remarkable thermal stability and hydrophobic character. In this study, we applied their molecular shape and hydrophobic surface of the molecules to design and synthesis of nuclear receptor ligands. Hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interaction of carborane derivatives, and synthetic methods of carborane derivatives for analysis and preparation of various carborane-containing compounds were also investigated. The results were summarized as follows.1. Candidate estrogen receptor ligands with two phenolic residues on a 3-dimensional hydrophobic core structure (carborane, bicyclo[2, 2, 2]octane, adamantane) were synthesized and biologically evaluated. Amog the carborane-containing compounds, a dynamic change of agonist/antagonist balance was observed depending on the direction and the distance of the two phenolic groups.2. Candidate androgen receptor ligands bearing carborane as a hydrophobic pharmacophore were designed based on testosterone and aromatic anti-estrogen agents, and synthesized, biologically evaluated. Novel potent non-steroidal androgen antagonists BA321, BA341 were found.3. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding on 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-o-carborane and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-p-carborane were observed on H-NMR study. The intranolecular hydrogen bonding was confirmed by X-ray, IR and DFT calculation.4. A few synthetic method of carborane derivatives, such as regioselective iodination reaction on the carborane cage, facile hydroxylation of a carbon on, the carborane cage were developed.