Synthetic research on the actual condition of oral environment and function in mental disorder.

本研究的目的是阐明精神障碍与疾病状态、摄入和牙齿症状的相关性。同时考察了精神障碍患者在家的口腔状况和牙科治疗的必要性。分析83例精神分裂症住院患者口腔环境及功能的实际情况。结果表明：该区龋、失牙发生率较高；唾液流速低；口腔异味的发生率较高。进食和吞咽功能检查均有异常。精神疾病状态及药物与口腔环境及功能状况的相关性：(1)精神表现量表（PANSS）与口腔异味、饮食行为存在相关性。(2)药物方面，未发现与抗胆碱能和抗精神病作用的关系。而高血压患者服用利尿剂和抗胆碱能药物后，唾液分泌量降低。2 .服用抗焦虑药者主要出现进食动作中草稿量过多等优先阶段失败。口腔环境方面，对埼玉县、神奈川县、品川区精神病患者居家问卷调查。(1)虽然牙齿状况尚可，但发现牙结石沉积。许多病人抱怨有口渴的感觉。(3)对食物摄入的指导似乎是必要的，例如吞咽可能导致两餐之间窒息的高风险食物，以及由于口渴而经常饮用大量饮料。分析83例唾液分泌少的住院患者中30例功能改善的干预因素。精神疾病状态低的人静息唾液分泌量有所改善。

The objective of this research was to clarify the relevance of mental disorders to disease state, ingestion and dental symptoms. The oral condition of persons with mental disorders staying at home, and the necessity of dental treatment, were simultaneously examined.1.The actual condition of the oral environment and function was analyzed on 83 patients hospitalized with schizophrenia. The results suggested that : the incidence of dental caries and losing teeth were high ; the saliva flow rate was low ; and the incidence of oral malodor was high. The evaluation of eating and swallowing function showed abnormal findings.2.Relevance of mental disease state and drugs to the oral cavity environment and function condition :(1)There was a relationship between mental manifestation scale (PANSS), oral malodor, and meal action. (2)Regarding drugs, a relationship with anticholinergic and antipsychotic effects was not found. However, the salivary secretion quantity was lowered in persons taking hypertensive diuretic and anticholinergic drugs. The precedence stage failure such as draft quantity being abounding in the meal action was observed mainly among the antianxiety agent administering persons.3.Regarding oral environment, a questionnaire survey of persons with mental disease staying at home in Saitama prefecture, Kanagawa prefecture, and Shinagawa ward(1)Though the situation of the teeth was reasonably good, dental calculus deposition was recognized. (2)Many patients complained of a sensation of thirst. (3)The guidance on food-intake, such as swallowing highly risky foods which may lead to choking between meals and frequent drinking of much amount of drinks due to thirst sensation, seemed necessary.4.Factors for intervention for improving function in 30 of the 83 hospitalized patients with small salivary secretion were analyzed. Resting salivary secretion quantity improved in persons whose mental disease state was low.