Studies on atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka

虽然利什曼病不被认为在斯里兰卡流行，但皮肤利什曼病病例在2003年通过NNN培养和/或Giemsa染色涂片得到确认。这些皮肤利什曼病患者的皮损一般较少，且皮损较小，外观起泡，无溃烂，甚至皮损持续1.5~36个月。为了鉴定致病物种，我们获得了真核生物中高度保守的肌动蛋白编码基因、利什曼原虫特有的微小外显子基因和对婴儿利什曼原虫有用的半胱氨酸蛋白酶B基因的部分核苷酸序列。用分离的寄生虫分析多诺瓦尼的辨别能力。有趣的是，斯里兰卡分离株的核苷酸序列与利什曼原虫参考菌株的核苷酸序列进行了比较。与内脏利什曼病的主要致病种杜氏利什曼原虫同源性最高。卡拉扎检测内脏利什曼病试纸，即抗体检测…对rK39抗原有更多的离子检测，对杜氏利什曼原虫引起的内脏利什曼病高度敏感。所有的病人都是阴性的。结果证实，斯里兰卡流行的嗜皮性寄生虫属于杜氏钩端螺旋体s1。此外，还对斯里兰卡的沙蝇区系进行了调查。尽管在任何特定的流行地点识别媒介沙蝇对于规划控制这种疾病很重要，但在斯里兰卡还没有做到这一点。共采集到584只沙蝇。根据形态特征进行了沙蝇的鉴定。银杏在海岛分布较广，而斯坦多尼仅在戈勒地区采集到。由于已知在印度引起内脏利什曼病的是杜氏利什曼原虫的媒介，因此在斯里兰卡最有可能成为人类皮肤利什曼病的候选媒介。本研究首次报道了一种由杜氏利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病的流行情况。较少

Although leishmaniasis is not considered to be epidemic in Sri Lanka, cutaneous leishmaniasis cases were confirmed by NNN culture and/or Giemsa-stained smears in 2003. The skin lesions of these cutaneous leishmaniasis patients were generally a few in number, and were small, blister in appearance, non-ulcerative, even lesions lasted 1.5 to 36 months. To identify pathogenic species, the nucleotide sequences of a part of the actin-encoding gene which is highly conserved among eukaryotes, the mini-exon gene which is unique in the genus Leishmania, and cysteine protease B gene which is useful for L.infantumlL. donovani discrimination were analyzed using isolated parasites. Interestingly, the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of Sri Lanka isolates with those of reference strains of Leishmania spp. showed the highest homology with that of L.donovani s.1., a principal pathogenic species of visceral leishmaniasis. Kalazar detect dipstick for visceral leishmaniasis, which is antibody detect … More ion assay to rK39 antigen and highly sensitive for visceral leishmaniasis caused by L.donovani s.1. was done and all patients were negative. The results confirm that the prevalent dermotropic parasite in Sri Lanka belongs to the L. donovani s.1. In addition, the sand fly fauna of Sri Lanka was investigated. Although, the identification of vector sand flies is important for the planning of control against this disease in any given endemic site, it has not been achieved yet in Sri Lanka. Five hundred and eighty four sand flies were collected in total. Identification of sand flies was performed based on morphological features. P.argentipes were widely distributed in the island whereas P.stantoni were collected only in Golle district. Since P.argentipes is know to be the vector of L. donovani causing visceral leishmaniasis in India, P.argentipes might be the most possible candidate vector of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. The present study described at the first time an endemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L.donovani s.1.. Less