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Behavior of Dissolved Organic Carbon such as Humic Substances and its Effect on the Water and Soil Ecosystems

腐殖质等溶解有机碳的行为及其对水和土壤生态系统的影响

基本信息

批准号：
17310008
负责人：
YAMADA Etsu
金额：
$ 8.94万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17310008/
关键词：
dissolved organic matter water environment humic substances Phyla plankton Lake Biwa Yodo rivers 3-DEEM fluorophores

项目摘要

The increase of COD in Lake Biwa may be attributed to the contribution of not only humic substances but also hydrophilic acids.Three kinds of phytoplankton were cultivated, and the contribution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from the phytoplankton was examined to clarify the cause of the organic pollution of Lake Biwa. Microcystis aeruginosa, Staurastrum dorcidentiferum, and Cryptomonas ovata were evaluated with regard to cultivation and degradation. Two significant peaks (2 and 3) were detected in the algal DOM released from the plankton during cultivation by gel chromatography with a fluorescence detector (Ex=340 nm, Em=435 nm). As these peaks correspond with the peaks detected in the surface water of Lake Biwa, it can be concluded that the algal DOM released from the plankton during cultivation makes a considerable contribution to the refractory organic matter in Lake Biwa. Three fluorescence maxima were observed in the cultivation of three kinds of phytoplankton: two fulvic-like fluorescence peaks (A and B) and a protein-like fluorescence peak (C). These peaks became larger as their cell counts of plankton increased. The ratio of hydrophilic DOM is fairly high in DOM produced by three kinds of phytoplankton, and algal DOM from Microcystis aeruginosa exhibits somewhat hydrophobic characteristics in comparison with those from other two plankton. The order of the amount of algal DOM per cell volume during cultivation was Cryptomonas ovata > Microcystis aeruginosa > Staurastrum dorcidentiferum.

为了探讨琵琶湖有机污染的原因，培养了3种浮游植物，分析了浮游植物释放的溶解性有机物（DOM）对COD的贡献。铜绿微囊藻，Staurastrum dorcidentiferum，和卵形隐单胞菌的培养和降解方面进行了评价。采用凝胶色谱荧光检测器（Ex=340 nm，Em=435 nm），在培养过程中浮游生物释放的藻类DOM中检测到两个显著的峰（2和3）。由于这些峰值与在琵琶湖表层水中检测到的峰值相对应，因此可以得出结论，养殖期间浮游生物释放的藻类DOM对琵琶湖的难降解有机质做出了相当大的贡献。在3种浮游植物的培养过程中观察到3个荧光峰：两个富里酸类荧光峰（A和B）和一个蛋白类荧光峰（C）。随着浮游生物细胞数量的增加，这些峰值变得更大。3种浮游植物产生的DOM中，亲水性DOM所占比例较高，铜绿微囊藻产生的藻DOM相对于其他两种浮游植物具有一定的疏水性。培养过程中单位体积藻体DOM量大小顺序为卵形隐藻>铜绿微囊藻>角星藻。