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A legal-sociological, comparative study on the system of inner-municipal decentralization and the community politicy in the age of the conception of a cooperative society

合作社时代市内分权制度与社区政治的法社会学比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
17330002
负责人：
NAWATA Yoshihiko
金额：
$ 9.49万
依托单位：
Hosei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17330002/
关键词：
inner-municipal decentralization community coproduction participation civil society 公共地域自治区

项目摘要

This research project has focused on characteristic aspects of recent inner-municipal decentralization systems in Japan in comparison to those in different countries. The amendment of the Local Government Act 2004 has estabilished a legally organized inner-municipal decentralization system for the first time in Japan, with the result not only that there are some municipalities which use this legal system as a tool for community policy, but also that municipalities which hesitate to use it but are eager to promote local community have developed their own systems (in some cases by a by-law). We studied different inner-municipal decentralization systems in five different countries (i.e. Germany, France, Scotland, US America and the Philipines) with the method of field work, comparing them with one another and with the systems in Japan.Confronted with the protracted recession and the great deficit of both national and local finance many countries adopt nowadays under the motto of“coproduction"or“cooperation"the policy of activating civil society, namely the policy to make citizens do more for public services for themselves and to reduce financial spending. The function of the inner-municipal decentralization system should be changed to work adequately for this purpose. But in the European countries the system is originally designed not for activating the capacity of civil society to perform public tasks, but to make the process of public decision making more democratic, and therefore the policy is not successful. On the other hand the system in Japan is from the beginning on designed for promoting the cooperation and is to some extent successful in this sense.

这一研究项目侧重于日本最近市内分权制度的特点，并与不同国家的制度进行了比较。2004年《地方政府法》修正案首次在日本建立了合法组织的市内权力下放制度，其结果不仅是一些市政当局将这一法律制度用作社区政策的工具，而且那些不愿使用这一法律制度但急于促进地方社区发展的市政当局也制定了自己的制度(在某些情况下是通过附例)。我们用田野调查的方法研究了德国、法国、苏格兰、美国和菲律宾五个不同国家的市内分权制度，并对它们之间以及与日本的制度进行了比较。面对长期的经济衰退和国家和地方财政的巨额赤字，当今许多国家都采取了激活公民社会的政策，即让公民为自己的公共服务做更多的事情，减少财政支出。应改变市内权力下放制度的职能，以便为此目的充分发挥作用。但在欧洲国家，这一制度最初并不是为了激活公民社会执行公共任务的能力，而是为了使公共决策过程更加民主，因此这一政策并不成功。另一方面，日本的制度从一开始就是为促进合作而设计的，从某种意义上说是成功的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（0）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The New Landscape Preservation Policy of Kyoto City and its Implications

京都市景观保护新政策及其启示

DOI：
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
Asia Culture Review Vol.7
影响因子：
0
作者：
今泉隆雄;藤原敦;林部均;林部均;妹尾達彦;今泉隆雄;今泉隆雄;松田真一;林部均;林部均;林部均;林部均;林部均;林部均;林部均;林部均;今泉隆雄;妹尾達彦;林部均;林部均;林部均;今泉隆雄;林部均;林部均;林部均;松本光太郎;澤井充生;澤井充生;宗野隆俊;高村学人
通讯作者：
高村学人

Public Domain and the Non-governmental Actors(5)

公共领域和非政府行为者(5)