Understanding Language Diffusion Modalities: Linguistic layers in the toponymy of the Cochabamba Valleys, Bolivia

了解语言传播方式：玻利维亚科恰班巴山谷地名中的语言层

• 批准号: 534709320
• 负责人: Dr. Alexis Pierrard
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Altamerikanistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: WBP Position
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/534709320?language=en
• 关键词: Understanding; Language; Diffusion; Modalities; Linguistic

This project aims to understand the modes and phases of linguistic diffusion in the valleys of Cochabamba, the linguistic copresence and/or substitution, the distribution of these languages in space as a reflection of the mobility and structuring of the groups present in the exploitation of the agropastoral resources of the region. The project contributes to Andean linguistics and the understanding of the Andean past through the modes of linguistic diffusion, cohabitation, and displacement. In addition, it develops and tests new approaches to historical linguistics to overcome the challenges posed by the absence of written sources and the failure of applying effectively the comparative method. The study case is particularly relevant because of the great toponymic variety of the region (Spanish, modern Quechua, old Quechua, Aymara, Puquina) and its different exploitation phases (pre-Inca, Inca, Colonial). The main objective is to identify the different linguistic layers spatially and temporally by studying the mesotoponymy of the valleys of Cochabamba, the linguistic origin of the different elements that constitute the toponyms, their grammatical categories, and their morphosyntactic. In doing so, I will test two linguistic diffusion models: 1) the diffusion of Bolivian Quechua in colonial times via the relays of the cities, towns, and ranchos. 2) the co-diffusion, or consecutive diffusion, of Quechua and Aymara in Inca times. Additionally, the project sheds light on the questions that archaeologists and ethnohistorians ask themselves about former settlements by studying the hapaxes and toponymic duplicates. Often descriptive, some toponyms may indicate a continuity or a link between two places falling within the logic of vertical archipelago and mobility. Finally, this study has the potential to contribute to the knowledge of Puquina by extracting possible Puquina lexical roots and grammatical elements associated with those already known.

该项目旨在了解科恰班巴山谷中语言传播的模式和阶段、语言共存和/或替代、这些语言在空间中的分布，以反映该地区农牧业资源开发中存在的群体的流动性和结构。该项目通过语言传播、共存和流离失所的模式，为安第斯语言学和对安第斯过去的理解做出了贡献。此外，它还开发和测试了历史语言学的新方法，以克服由于缺乏书面资料和未能有效应用比较方法而带来的挑战。由于该地区的地名多样性（西班牙、现代盖丘亚语、古盖丘亚语、艾马拉语、普基纳语）及其不同的开发阶段（前印加、印加、殖民时期），该研究案例特别相关。主要目标是通过研究科恰班巴山谷的中地名、构成地名的不同元素的语言起源、其语法类别及其形态句法，在空间和时间上识别不同的语言层。在此过程中，我将测试两种语言传播模型：1）玻利维亚克丘亚语在殖民时期通过城市、城镇和牧场的中继传播。 2）印加时代克丘亚语和艾马拉语的共同扩散或连续扩散。此外，该项目通过研究半轴和地名复制品，揭示了考古学家和民族历史学家对前定居点提出的问题。一些地名通常是描述性的，可能表明垂直群岛和流动性逻辑范围内的两个地方之间的连续性或联系。最后，这项研究有可能通过提取可能的 Puquina 词根和与已知的语法元素相关的语法元素，为 Puquina 的知识做出贡献。