Development of educational measurement on speech and communication abilities focusing on the cognition of speech sounds.

当人们进行交谈时，他们会不断地假设对方的个性，并调整他们的说话方式。尤其是在电话交谈中，语音本身就是假设说话人个性和其他行为的信息。本研究从以下几个方面进行了研究：1)个性印象与语音的形成；2)学习者的个性特征和学习风格与其英语考试成绩的关系。参与者被要求使用五大人格特质对这些刺激的印象进行评级。结果表明，各性状具有明显的变化规律，而倒U型是它们的共同特征。每种人格特质都可以用二次回归方程来估计。通过整合这五个方程…更重要的是，可以重建整个人格印象。该方法可用于合成具有人工个性的语音。在研究的第二部分，利用了国家高考中心的部分监听考试。英语部分包括语法和阅读测试以及听力理解测试。在完成测试后，每个参与者都完成了一份基于五大人格问卷的问卷和一份关于参与者学习英语风格的问卷。人格特质、学习风格和英语测试成绩的通径分析表明，学习者的人格特质不仅会影响其英语学习风格，而且还会影响其整体的英语成绩以及语法和阅读成绩与听力成绩之间的表现模式。这些发现为支持英语学习者提高听力理解能力提供了建议。较少

As people engage in conversations, they continuously assume the partners' personalities and adjust their ways of speaking. Especially in the case of telephone conversations, speech itself is the information to assume speaker's personalities and other traits.This study investigated the following: 1) the formation of personality impressions along with speech sound, 2) the relationship of learner's personality traits and learning styles to his or her English test scores.Regarding the first part of the study, Prosodic features such as speech rate, pitch, pauses, and intonations were manipulated to synthesize the continua of speech stimuli. Participants were asked to rate their impressions on these stimuli using Big Five personality traits. The results indicated that each trait had a distinctive change pattern, while reversed U-shape patterns were their common characteristics. Each personality trait could be estimated with a quadratic regression equation. By integrating these five equations … More , the whole personality impression could be re-constructed. This procedure can be applied to synthesize speech sounds with artificial personalities.In the second part of the study, utilized a part of the monitor examinations by the National Center for University Entrance Examinations. The English section included grammar and reading tests and listening comprehension tests. After completing the examination, each participant completed a questionnaire based on the Big Five personality scale and an inventory regarding the participant's styles of learning English. Path analysis of personality traits, learning styles, and English test performances suggested that a learner's personality traits may affect his or her learning styles Furthermore, the learning styles may affect his or her overall performance in English as well as the performance patterns between the grammar and reading score and the listening comprehension score.These findings provide suggestions on supporting English language learners to improve listening comprehension skills. Less