Spirituality of Organ Transplant Patients and their Family and development of nursing care that supports spirituality

[目的]目的是阐明移植患者及其家人的灵性，并考虑支持这种灵性的护理。在这项研究中，灵性被定义为“使人得以生存的力量，或生存力量的根源因素”。[方法]以基于存在和时间的海德格尔现象学为研究前提，对移植患者及其家人进行个别访谈，分析个人对他们与世界的关系所创造的意义，以及他们如何定义自己的构成。[结果]通过对4个不同案例的分析，得出以下结论：(1)个体的灵性是通过与家庭的关系、与他人(病人、医务人员、朋友)的关系、与自然和更高力量的关系、与自身的关系(尚待完成的事情、生命至今的价值、存在的证明、生活的愿望、作为人的价值)、与死亡的关系(自身死亡意味着什么、死亡的解决方案)而引申出来的。(2)患者与家人和医疗队的亲密关系是所有受试者的共同因素，增强了他们的生存能力。(3)当灵性被抽出时，它带来了治愈、和平和痛苦的缓解，以及价值观的反转。支持灵性的护理是通过(1)在场、(2)倾听、(3)触摸、(4)祈祷，与患者及其家人一起度过艰难时期，使他们能够面对自己的精神问题。

【Purpose】 The purpose was to clarify the spirituality of transplant patients and their families and consider nursing care that supported this spirituality. In this research, spirituality was defined as "the strength that enables a person to live, or the factor that is at the root of the strength to live".【Method】 Using the Heidegger phenomenology based on Being and Time as a prerequisite to the research, individual interviews were conducted with the transplant patient and their families, and an analysis was done on the kind of meaning the individuals created as for their relationship with the world, and how they defined their own make up. The nursing care supporting spirituality was defined based on this result and the discussion of references.【Results】 By analyzing 4 different cases, the following became clear.(1) Individual spirituality was drawn out through relationship with family, their relationship with others (patients, medical staff, friends), relationship with nature and higher power, relationship with themselves (things yet to be accomplished, the value of their life up to the present, their proof of existence, how they want to live, being valued for being a human being), relationship with death (what own death implies, the resolution towards it). (2)The close bond the patients had with their families and the medical team were a common factor among all the subjects and enhanced their strength to live. (3)When spirituality was drawn out; it brought healing, peace, and relief from pain, as well as the reverse of values. Nursing that supports spirituality is, through such actions as (1)being there, (2) listening, (3)touching, and (4)praying, getting through tough times with patients and their families so that they can confront their own spiritual problems.