Training of dynamic visual acuity using vestibuloocular reflex

由于在自然条件下追逐高速运动的物体时，头部随着眼睛移动，头部运动被认为是比头部静止更好的策略。相反，头部运动引起的前庭眼球反射(VOR)似乎干扰了平稳追踪眼动(SP)，因为VOR最初的作用是对抗头部运动的凝视稳定。为了确定头部运动是否有利于追逐高速运动的物体，我们检测了健康受试者在有或没有主动右旋和直线头部运动的情况下的动态视敏度(DVA)。此外，我们分析了眼睛和头部的运动来研究VOR、SP和颈眼反射(COR)在这些条件下的贡献。大多数受试者表明，对于高速运动的物体，主动的线性头部运动(线性和旋转)明显改善了DVA。在主动头部运动中获得较高DVA分数的受试者表现出以下特征。1)在主动旋转头部运动中，COR有助于改善DVA。2)被试在主动向右直线头部运动时产生较大的向右SPS(约30°/S)。3)在头部静止状态下，对高速(80°/S)运动物体的追逐也会引起较高的SPS(约60°/S)。4)它们显示了强健的预期流畅的眼动。4)另一方面，它们的线性VOR增益和抑制线性VOR的能力与其他两种方法相似。这些结果表明，主动的直线头部运动确实提高了追逐高速运动物体的能力，而预期的SP而不是线性的VOR抑制起着重要作用。我将把这些眼头特性应用到实际运动中的DVA训练中。

As the head moves with eyes in pursuing a high-speed moving object under natural conditions, head motion is considered as better strategy than head stationary. On the contrary, vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) evoked by head motion seems to disturb smooth pursuit eye movement (SP) because VOR originally works for gaze stabilization against head motion. To determine whether head motion is advantageous for pursuing a high-speed moving object, we examined dynamic visual acuity (DVA) for a rightward high-speed moving object with/without active rightward rotatory and linear head motion in healthy subjects. Furthermore, we analyzed eye and head movements to investigate the contribution of VOR, SP and cervico-ocular reflex (COR) in these conditions.Most subjects showed that active linear head motion (linear>rotatory) clearly improves DVA for a high-speed moving object. Subjects who made higher DVA scores during active head motion indicated the following features. 1) During active rotatory head motion, COR contributes to improve DVA. 2) Subjects generate larger rightward SPs (around 30 deg/s) during active rightward linear head motion. 3) They also elicit higher SPs (around 60 deg/s) to pursue a high-speed (80 deg/s) moving object under the head stationary condition. 4) They indicated robust anticipatory smooth eye movements. 4) On the other hand, their gains of linear VOR and abilities of linear VOR suppression are similar as the others. These results suggest that active linear head motion certainly improves the ability to pursue a high-speed moving object and then the anticipatory SP, rather than the linear VOR suppression, plays an important role.I will apply these eye-head properties to training of DVA in the actual sport activities.