Several aspects of the popular culture and its influence on the modern French literature

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This research aimed to clarify the relation between French popular culture and Modem French literature according to each theme rettled by 4co-investigators.We investigated this subject under three topics analyzing the research materials, documents and informations collected in France and in Japan during the term of project.1. We tried to elucidate various aspects of the French popular songs, and investigated its influence on Modem French literature, especially on Modem French poetry. French popular songs and folk songs created or transmitted in 19th century can be classified into various gerrs. For example rebellious songs criticizing the government, ironical songs satirizing the morality and the sense of values of the bourgeoisie, realistic songs describing the daily life, the manners and the customs of the people, indecent and obscene songs, and so on. These songs furnish to us important materials to ham the realities of the popular culture in19th century but also they made us discover one of source of Blench poetry.2. We carried out also an on-the-spot investigation on the daily life, manners, customs, mentality of the people and some geographical features especially in Normandy described in the French realistic novels, particulary in Flaubert's novels like Madame Bovary. By this investigation, we were able to compare some geographical features and geographical names of Normandy's villages with geographical features and names described in Madame Bovary.3. We also made clear the thinking pattern peculiar to the people of Provence which is characterized by animism, different from the rational way of thinking and the Christian view of the world in France, almost lost in the cities like Paris. We investigated this kind of thinking pattern in Sveral Giono's novels.