Establishment of Dependency between Head and Arguments in Japanese Scrambling Constructions

本研究考察了不同类型的打乱成分对打乱构式加工所需的工作记忆资源量的影响，以及打乱成分在加工日语打乱构式时的激活水平。第二，考察了关系从句中心语NP有两个潜在连接点时的关系从句连接偏好。例如，[RC]NP-Gen NP.复合名词短语是主句的宾语，要么经历了混乱，要么保持原位。采用离线和定时可接受性判断范式对依恋偏好进行了研究。依恋偏好根据不同的工作记忆资源，需要处理混乱和规范的词序。在日语中，间隔出现在关系从句结构中相应的先行词出现之前。结果表明， ...更多信息 不同语序来源影响gap及其先行词的建立。结果还表明，某些类型的混乱的句子需要更少的处理成本比规范的句子的可能性。第三，通过离线任务对二语的进一步研究表明，二语水平对歧义关系从句的处理也有影响。例如，在一个实施例中，间接宾语）在涉及填补空缺效应的句子中被采用跨通道启动范式检测。结果表明，解析器激活了一个混乱的成分（填料）在假的间隙网站，但当发生重新分析，一旦激活填料被抑制，它被重新激活在真正的间隙网站。上述结果表明，通过根据结构和可用的工作记忆资源，反复激活和去激活打乱的论元，打乱的论元与其中心词之间形成了依赖关系。少

The present study investigated how different types of scrambled constituent influenced processing scrambling constructions with respect to the amount of required working memory resources and how activation levels of scrambled constituents varied while Japanese scrambling constructions were processed.Firstly, reading-span and listening-span tests were constructed. Secondly, relative-clause attachment preferences were examined when the head NP of a relative clause had two potential attachment sites, i. e., [RC] NP-Gen NP. The complex NP was the object of the main clause and either underwent scrambling or remained in-situ. Attachment preferences were examined by using offline and timed acceptability judgment paradigms. Attachment preferences varied according to different WM resources that were required to process scrambled and canonical word orders. In Japanese gaps appear before the appearance of corresponding antecedents in relative-clause constructions. The results indicated that WM re … More sources of different word orders influenced the establishment of gap and its antecedent. The results also indicated the possibility that some types of scrambled sentences required less processing cost than canonical sentences. Thirdly, further researches on L2 using off-line tasks indicated that in resolving ambiguous relative-clause attachments in L2 proficiency levels were also involved.Finally, activation levels of scrambled argument NPs (e. g., indirect object) were examined in sentences that involved a filled-gap effect by using the cross-modal priming paradigm. The results indicated that the parser activated a scrambled constituent (filler) at false gap sites but when a reanalysis occurred the once activated filler was suppressed and it was reactivated at the true gap site. The influence of individuals' difference of WM capacity was also observed.The above-mentioned results indicated that dependencies were formed between scrambled arguments and their heads by re-and de-activating scrambled arguments repeatedly according to the structures and available working memory resources. Less