A Study on Name Changes and Resident Registration in Colonial Korea

本文以殖民地朝鲜的日本户籍（1923年以前的民籍）为居民登记制度，表明该制度与户籍制度一样表现出身份关系的同时，也存在着显著的差异。这些差异包括存在一份杂项登记册（包括雇主住所的家属）和关于个人就业状况和接种疫苗结果的记录信息。通过分析这些记录中韩国人姓名的变化过程，可以了解殖民政府是如何理解这些居民的。我研究了殖民当局为记录居民而采取的措施，包括给妇女和儿童起名，以及禁止使用韩语字母写的名字。为了研究这些问题，我检查和调查了韩国地方行政办公室保存的殖民时期登记簿。尽管殖民国家的监视努力，许多人没有被记录在家庭登记簿上，这种情况即使在日本帝国主义的最后几年也没有改善。根据对这一时期的实际调查报告的审查，我表明，朝鲜人的抵抗是解释未登记个人问题的一个重要因素。我还总结了1940年实施的《改名政策》（岩上新社，2008年）的研究结果：1)强迫韩国人改户籍上的名字；2)虽然这种变化旨在促进家庭制度中的“同化”，但它继续保持日本人和韩国人之间的差异；3)韩国人的反应多种多样，既有默许，也有反抗。

Taking the Japanese family register (civil register minseki until 1923) in colonial Korea as a resident registration system, this article shows that while this system displayed status relations like the family register, it also contained significant differences. These differences include the existence of a miscellaneous register (containing dependents of an employer's house) and recorded information about one's employment status and vaccination results. Through an analysis of how the names of Koreans registered in these records changed, we can also come to know how the colonial government understood these residents. I examine the measures taken by colonial authorities to keep track of residents, including the naming of women and children as well as the prohibition on using names written in Korean letters. To pursue these issues, I examined and surveyed colonial period registers housed in South Korean local administrative offices. Despite the colonial state's surveillance efforts, many individuals were not recorded in a family register-a situation which did not improve even during the final years of Japanese imperialism. Based on examinations of actual survey reports from the period, I show that Korean resistance was an important factor which explains the problem of unregistered individuals. I also summarize the findings of my book, The name change policy (Iwanami shinsho, 2008), which was implemented in 1940: 1) that Koreans were forced to change names recorded in family registers; 2) that while this change aimed to promote "assimilation" in the family system, it continued to maintain differences between Japanese and Koreans; and 3) that Koreans responded in diverse ways, which included both cases of acquiescence and resistance.