A Study on Name Changes and Resident Registration in Colonial Korea

本文以韩国殖民时期的日本家庭户籍(1923年以前的民事户籍民关)为户籍制度，说明这一制度在表现出与家庭户口一样的身份关系的同时，也存在着显著的差异。这些不同之处包括存在一份杂项登记册(包含雇主家庭的受抚养人)以及关于一个人的就业状况和疫苗接种结果的记录信息。通过分析这些记录中登记的韩国人的名字是如何变化的，我们也可以了解殖民政府是如何理解这些居民的。我审查了殖民当局为跟踪居民而采取的措施，包括妇女和儿童的名字以及禁止使用韩文字母写的名字。为了探讨这些问题，我检查和调查了韩国地方行政办公室存放的殖民时期登记册。尽管殖民国家做出了监视努力，但许多人没有在家庭登记中登记--即使在日本帝国主义的最后几年，这种情况也没有改善。根据对这一时期的实际调查报告的审查，我发现韩国人的抵抗是解释未登记个人问题的一个重要因素。我还总结了我在1940年实施的《更名政策》(Iwanami Shinsho，2008)一书的调查结果：1)韩国人被迫更改家庭登记册中记录的姓名；2)这一变化旨在促进家庭系统的“同化”，但它继续保持日本人和韩国人之间的差异；3)韩国人以不同的方式做出反应，其中包括默许和抵制的情况。

Taking the Japanese family register (civil register minseki until 1923) in colonial Korea as a resident registration system, this article shows that while this system displayed status relations like the family register, it also contained significant differences. These differences include the existence of a miscellaneous register (containing dependents of an employer's house) and recorded information about one's employment status and vaccination results. Through an analysis of how the names of Koreans registered in these records changed, we can also come to know how the colonial government understood these residents. I examine the measures taken by colonial authorities to keep track of residents, including the naming of women and children as well as the prohibition on using names written in Korean letters. To pursue these issues, I examined and surveyed colonial period registers housed in South Korean local administrative offices. Despite the colonial state's surveillance efforts, many individuals were not recorded in a family register-a situation which did not improve even during the final years of Japanese imperialism. Based on examinations of actual survey reports from the period, I show that Korean resistance was an important factor which explains the problem of unregistered individuals. I also summarize the findings of my book, The name change policy (Iwanami shinsho, 2008), which was implemented in 1940: 1) that Koreans were forced to change names recorded in family registers; 2) that while this change aimed to promote "assimilation" in the family system, it continued to maintain differences between Japanese and Koreans; and 3) that Koreans responded in diverse ways, which included both cases of acquiescence and resistance.