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A Historical Study on the career opportunities of Women Students in British Higher Education

英国高等教育中女学生职业机会的历史研究

基本信息

批准号：
18530639
负责人：
KAGAWA Setsuko
金额：
$ 1.71万
依托单位：
Nishikyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18530639/
关键词：
History of Education Great Britain gender higher education career opportunity female student medicine teaching profession イギリス教育史女子高等教育

项目摘要

In this study, I clarified the career opportunities of women students in British higher education from 1880 to1914. Before 1960s, all the universities in Great Britain shut their doors for women, and women had no chance entering into learning professions. However after 1870, not only new civic universities, but also old universities began to accept women as formal students, and the number of women student increased rapidly up to the twentieth century. As a result, by 1930 the number of female student amounted to nearly one quarter of all university students in Great Britain.After graduating the universities, most of them entered into teaching profession. Why they did so, and how they did their work, how long they continued their job, and when they married, if any. These were the key questions of my study. As to the university students, I did a case study on Girton College, Cambridge. Through analyzing the Girton College Register published in 1848, I found out some features of their stu … More dents.(1) Most of the early student entered into teaching profession.(2) Others had no working experience and got married a few years after graduation.(3) Those who entered the teaching profession started their careers as assistant mistress at secondary schools for girls, and gradually promoted into headmistress, and continued their profession for more than 30years.(4) Those who married didn't do paid work, but most of them were occupied some voluntary work in the local community.On the other hand, some aspiring women entered into medical profession. In order to examine the medical career, I did a case study of London School of Medicine for Women, (LSMW) founded in 1874. Through analyzing the annual reports and magazines of LSMW, I clarified some features of career attainment of early women doctors.(1) Most of the early female doctors worked at hospitals for women and children, mostly founded by pioneer medical women.(2) After 1880, a great number of female doctors began to move into foreign countries, especially colonial districts such as India and China.Generally, female doctors were obliged to work in marginal places in whole the medical world, but gender boundaries of medicine changed little by little during the first half of the twentieth century. Less

在这项研究中，我阐明了1880年至1914年英国高等教育中女学生的就业机会。在20世纪60年代之前，英国所有的大学都对女性关闭了大门，女性没有进入学术职业的机会。然而，1870年后，不仅是新的公民大学，而且老的大学也开始接受女性作为正式学生，直到20世纪，女性学生的数量迅速增加。因此，到1930年，英国女大学生的数量几乎占到所有大学生的四分之一，大学毕业后，她们中的大多数人进入了教师职业。他们为什么这样做，他们是如何工作的，他们继续工作了多久，以及他们什么时候结婚(如果有的话)。这些都是我研究的关键问题。对于大学生，我对剑桥大学的格顿学院做了一个案例研究。通过对1848年出版的《格顿学院纪事》的分析，我发现了他们的STU…的一些特点更多的学生。(1)早期学生大多进入教师行业。(2)其他学生没有工作经验，毕业后几年就结婚了。(3)进入教师行业的学生在女子中学开始了助教生涯，逐渐晋升为校长，并持续了30多年。(4)结婚的学生没有做有偿工作，但他们大多在当地社区从事一些志愿工作。另一方面，一些有抱负的女性进入了医疗行业。为了考察自己的从医生涯，我对创建于1874年的伦敦女子医学院(LSMW)进行了个案研究。通过对LSMW年度报告和杂志的分析，阐明了早期女医生职业成就的一些特点：(1)早期女医生大多在妇幼医院工作，大多是由先锋医学女性创立的。(2)1880年后，大量女医生开始移居国外，特别是印度和中国等殖民地地区。一般来说，女医生被迫在整个医学界的边缘地区工作，但在20世纪上半叶，医学的性别界限发生了少许变化。较少