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Induction of innate immunity in fish by humus extract and its protective effect

腐殖质提取物诱导鱼类先天免疫及其保护作用

基本信息

批准号：
18580311
负责人：
KODAMA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 2.39万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18580311/
关键词：
innate immunity ulcer disease atypical Aeromonas salmonicida cold water disease Flavobacterium psychrophilum humic substance protective immunity 疾病予防アユ Aeromonas salmonicida コイ

项目摘要

Humic substances are formed during the decomposition of organic matter in humus, and are found in many natural environments in which organic materials and microorganisms have been present. Humus extract exhibited anti-bacterial activity against 9 species 15 strains of fish pathogens. Oral administration of humus extract to carp induced effective protection against experimental atypical Aeromonas salmonicida infection. Mortality of fish and development of skin lesions such as hemorrhages and ulcers were significantly suppressed in carp treated with 10 %, 5 % or 1 % humus extract adsorbed on dry pellets. The median surviving days was also greater in fish treated with 10% or 5% humus extract than in untreated fish. Atypical A. salmonicida was isolated from ulcerative lesions of part of dead fish, but Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium sp. were also isolated from these fish, verifying bacterial population changes during the progression of skin lesions. Oral administration of humus extract to ayu induced effective protection against experimental atypical Flavobacterium psychrophilum infection. Mortality of fish (65%) and development of skin lesions such as ulcers and hemorrhages were significantly suppressed in ayu treated with humus extract. F. psychrophilum was isolated from ulcerative lesions of part of dead fish, and bacterial DNA could be amplified using PCR in dead control fish. Surviving rate of ayu treated with humus extract was 96%, and no gross skin lesion was observed. No bacteria was isolated and no bacterial DNA was amplified in survived fish. These results clearly show that treatment of fish with humus extract is effective in preventing A. salmonicida disease and cold water disease.

腐殖质物质是在腐殖质中的有机物分解过程中形成的，存在于许多有机物质和微生物存在的自然环境中。腐殖质提取物对9种15株鱼类病原菌具有抑菌活性。口服腐殖质提取物对实验性非典型沙门氏气单胞菌感染有有效的保护作用。在干燥颗粒上吸附10%、5%或1%腐殖质提取物的鲤鱼中，鱼的死亡率和皮肤病变（如出血和溃疡）的发展明显受到抑制。添加10%或5%腐殖质提取物的鱼的中位存活天数也高于未处理的鱼。从部分死鱼的溃疡病变中分离到非典型沙门氏菌，但也从这些鱼中分离到嗜水气单胞菌和黄杆菌，验证了细菌种群在皮肤病变进展过程中的变化。口服腐殖质提取物可诱导对实验性非典型嗜冷黄杆菌感染的有效保护。用腐殖质提取物处理的鱼的死亡率（65%）和皮肤病变（如溃疡和出血）的发展明显受到抑制。从部分死鱼的溃疡病变中分离到嗜冷F.，并在对照死鱼中进行PCR扩增。腐殖质提取物处理后的阿玉成活率为96%，无明显皮肤损伤。在存活的鱼中没有分离到细菌，也没有扩增到细菌DNA。这些结果清楚地表明，腐殖质提取物处理鱼对预防沙门氏菌病和冷水病是有效的。