Research on auditory peripheral and central nervous systems as information processing systems in auditory environments

听觉周围和中枢神经系统作为听觉环境中信息处理系统的研究

• 批准号: 18300050
• 负责人: TATENO Takashi
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18300050/
• 关键词: auditory system; neuron; noise; information processing; 聴覚野; 高頻度発火; 多電極アレイ

In the modem society, the auditory environment surrounding us is diverse and changing rapidly. Although, in our daily life, there is not only a target sound signal but also background noise, we can hear the signal effectively in a noisy environment. Biological auditory systems seem to be able to utilize such useless sound information with ingenuity to detect signals. In this study, from the view point of finding a constructive role of background noise to biological information processing, we aimed to elucidate neural codes and sound signal information processing of auditory peripheral and central nervous systems at the level of neurons and their local networks. In particular, using electrophysiological recording techniques and a computational modeling approach, we studied the mechanism how background noise could influence auditory information processing in the afferent pathway from the peripheral nervous system to the central of rats and mice. One of the main results we obtained is that the background noise in auditory systems can enhance the sensitivity of detecting weak noise and can help to achieve efficient information transmission in the auditory pathways. In addition, some experimental evidences suggested that constructive effects of such background noise could be easily modified by neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine. On the basis of the results, in the next step, such phenomena should be examined at the level of global neural networks and cognition in human.

在现代社会中，我们所处的听觉环境是多样化的，并且变化迅速。虽然在我们的日常生活中，不仅存在目标声音信号，而且存在背景噪声，但我们可以在噪声环境中有效地听到信号。生物听觉系统似乎能够巧妙地利用这些无用的声音信息来检测信号。本研究从发现背景噪声对生物信息加工的建设性作用的角度出发，旨在从神经元及其局部网络的水平上阐明听觉外周和中枢神经系统的神经编码和声音信号信息加工。特别地，我们使用电生理记录技术和计算建模方法，研究了背景噪声如何影响大鼠和小鼠从外周神经系统到中枢的传入通路中的听觉信息处理的机制。我们得到的主要结果之一是，听觉系统中的背景噪声可以提高检测弱噪声的灵敏度，并有助于实现听觉通路中的有效信息传输。此外，一些实验证据表明，这种背景噪声的建设性影响可以很容易地被修改的神经递质，如乙酰胆碱和去甲肾上腺素。在此基础上，下一步应该在全球神经网络和人类认知水平上研究这种现象。

项目成果

Influence of conductance-input signal on spike generation and stability of rhythmic action-potential oscillations in rat somatosensory fast-spiking neurons

电导输入信号对大鼠体感快速尖峰神经元尖峰产生和节律性动作电位振荡稳定性的影响

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 藤田克英;伊藤孝行;服部宏充;T. Tateno
• 通讯作者: T. Tateno

On classification of cell types in rat subs-tantia nigm pars compacts on the basis of electrophysiological properties of neural membranes

基于神经膜电生理特性的大鼠黑质致密部细胞类型分类

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: R.;Iwahachi;T.;Tateno
• 通讯作者: Tateno

Influence of conductance input signal and prior activation history on spike generation in rat somatosensory cortical neurons

电导输入信号和先前激活历史对大鼠体感皮层神经元尖峰产生的影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: 伊藤孝行;David C. Parkes;Jun Munemori;T. Tateno and H. P. C. Robinson
• 通讯作者: T. Tateno and H. P. C. Robinson

Complex Medical Engineering

复杂医学工程

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: J.L.Wu;K.Ito;S.Tobimatsu;T.Nishida;F.Fukuyama
• 通讯作者: F.Fukuyama

神経振動子の位相反応曲線推定法と振動安定性解析

神经振子的相位响应曲线估计方法及振动稳定性分析

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 阿登正憲;舘野高
• 通讯作者: 舘野高