Recurrent Circuit Model of Neural Response Dynamics in V1

项目概要/摘要 初级视觉皮层（V1）是大脑皮层中研究最多的区域之一，但我们缺乏理论上的 全面了解V1神经生理学的框架。通过这项研究，我们的目标是 提供一个。一类电路模型，称为振荡递归门控神经积分器电路 （ORGastrophysiology），模拟许多关键的神经生理现象。我们的目标是发展一种理论， V1中的神经生理学现象范围，即，具有生物药理学现实性的单一预测模型 参数，并测试与以前公布的数据集获得了广泛的理论， 方法论。 初步结果表明，与V1的实验观测相当的理论预测 响应动力学（包括起始瞬变和伽马振荡的刺激依赖性）， 注意力调节的动力学，反复放大和抑制的实验证据 稳定性，关于自适应的实验观察，包括调谐变化和去相关，噪声 淬灭，噪声相关性对方向偏好和注意力相似性的依赖，以及 心理物理对比辨别 目标1主要贡献：1）分析理论（即，封闭形式的表达式），使实验- 对与V1活动动力学相关的广泛现象的可检验预测; 2）封闭形式 从LFP功率谱的理论推导出的表达式; 3）一个新的解释振荡活动， 视觉皮层 目标2主要贡献：1）V1中适应的分析理论，使实验可检验 关于适应的神经生理学现象的广泛预测; 2）演示 这种适应保持了有效的神经编码，受制于有限的资源（电路中的整体活动）， 尽管动态地改变刺激统计。 目标3主要贡献：1）一个分析理论，使实验检验的预测， 神经反应的可变性和协变性; 2）关于心理物理的实验可检验的预测 歧视 拟议的研究有可能是变革性的。我们将提供一组新的分析结果 和计算工具，用于表征广泛的神经电路模型，这将具有显着的 影响实验数据的分析和实验设计，并将使新的实验- 可测试的预测ORGastric和替代模型。我们将提供一个路线图， 潜在的电路机制（细胞类型，它们的相互连接和生物物理学），以及如何操纵 这些机制可以改变电路功能，以纠正视觉感知和注意力的障碍。

Project Summary/Abstract Primary visual cortex (V1) is one of the most studied areas of the cerebral cortex, but we lack a theoretical framework for a comprehensive understanding of V1 neurophysiology. Through the proposed research, we aim to provide one. A class of circuit models, called Oscillatory Recurrent Gated Neural Integrator Circuits (ORGaNICs), simulates many key neurophysiological phenomena. Our goal is to develop a theory for the full range of neurophysiological phenomena in V1, i.e., a single predictive model with biophysically-realistic parameters, and to test that theory with previously published datasets acquired with a wide range of methodologies. Preliminary results demonstrate predictions of the theory commensurate with experimental observations of V1 response dynamics (including onset transients and the stimulus-dependence of gamma oscillations), the dynamics of attentional modulation, experimental evidence for recurrent amplification and inhibitory stabilization, experimental observations about adaptation including tuning changes and decorrelation, noise quenching, the dependence of noise correlations on similarity in orientation preference and attention, and psychophysical contrast discrimination. Aim 1 key contributions: 1) an analytical theory (i.e., closed-form expressions) that makes experimentally- testable predictions about a wide range of phenomena related to the dynamics of V1 activity; 2) closed-form expressions derived from the theory for LFP power spectra; 3) a novel explanation for oscillatory activity in visual cortex. Aim 2 key contributions: 1) an analytical theory of adaptation in V1 that makes experimentally-testable predictions about a wide range of neurophysiological phenomena related to adaptation; 2) the demonstration that adaptation maintains an efficient neural code, subject to finite resources (overall activity in the circuit), despite dynamically changing stimulus statistics. Aim 3 key contributions: 1) an analytical theory that makes experimentally-testable predictions about the variability and covariability of neural responses; 2) experimentally-testable predictions about psychophysical discrimination. The proposed research has the potential to be transformative. We will provide a new set of analytical results and computational tools for characterizing a broad range of neural circuit models, which will have a significant impact on the analysis of experimental data and experimental design, and will make new experimentally- testable predictions for both ORGaNICs and alternative models. We will provide a roadmap for understanding the underlying circuit mechanisms (the cell types, their interconnections and biophysics), and how manipulating those mechanisms may change circuit function to correct disorders of visual perception and attention.