Molecular mechanisms underlying the membrane sorting of bacterial lipoproteins

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Lipoproteins possessing the lipid-attached cysteine residue at the N-terminus are widely distributed among bacteria and anchored to membranes through the N-terminal lipids. Lipoproteins are involved in various functions present in cell surfaces and localized in either the inner or outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria depending on their sorting signals. We have reveled that five Lol factors are involved in the membrane sorting of lipoproteins. The mechanisms underlying the specific membrane sorting of lipoproteins by Lol proteins are examined in this study.