Molecular mechanism and bioprobes of cytokine receptor signaling

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Cytokines are soluble proteins secreted primarily by immunological cells and able to induce complex intracellular signaling pathways through binding to their specific receptors expressed on target cells. Pro-inflammatory cytokines regulate many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, cell survival, and cell death, and thus involved in autoimmune diseases and carcinogenesis. In this study we identified small bioactive compounds (termed as bioprobes) that prevent signal transduction and gene expression in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines and further elucidated their mechanisms of actions.