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Relationship between the amount of daily activities and muscular development in preschool and school children

学龄前儿童日常活动量与肌肉发育的关系

基本信息

批准号：
19500493
负责人：
KANEHISA Hiroaki
金额：
$ 2.41万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2007 至 2009
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present study aimed to investigate the influences of age and sex on the muscle size and function and motor fitness in preschool and school children, and to clarify how the amount and intensity of daily activities become factors explaining the individual differences in muscular development and motor fitness. As one of the major findings of the present study, three were no significant differences between boys and girls in muscle thickness, muscle strength and their age-related changes in preschool and school ages, but boys showed better motor performances than girls even in preschool age. A regression analysis showed that factors selected for predicting motor performances differed between boys and girls, which might be assumed to be involved as a reason for the sex-related differences in motor performances. Muscle size was more closely related to the natural growth of the whole body rather than the amount and intensity of daily activities. On the other hand, fat mass for preschool children was negatively related to the mean intensity of daily activities, suggesting that the intensity of daily activities will be a determinant factor for the magnitude of fatness in preschool age. In addition, motor performances were related to the intensity but not to the amount of daily activities, and so frequent participation in physical activities with moderate to high intensity beyond the level of normal walking may be assumed to be a factor promoting development in muscle function in preschool and school children.

本研究旨在探讨年龄和性别对学龄前和学龄儿童肌肉大小、功能和运动适能的影响，并阐明日常活动的量和强度如何成为解释肌肉发育和运动适能个体差异的因素。作为本研究的主要发现之一，男孩和女孩在学龄前和学龄期的肌肉厚度、肌肉力量及其与年龄相关的变化方面没有显着差异，但即使在学龄前，男孩的运动表现也比女孩好。回归分析表明，选择用于预测运动表现的因素在男孩和女孩之间存在差异，这可能是参与运动表现性别相关差异的原因之一。肌肉的大小与整个身体的自然生长有关，而不是与日常活动的数量和强度有关。另一方面，学龄前儿童的脂肪量与日常活动的平均强度呈负相关，这表明日常活动的强度将是学龄前儿童肥胖程度的决定性因素。此外，运动表现与强度有关，但与日常活动量无关，因此，经常参加中等强度至高强度的身体活动，超过正常行走的水平，可以被认为是促进学龄前和学龄前儿童肌肉功能发育的因素。