Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation in drought-adapted plant groups of the coastal deserts of Chile and Peru

智利和秘鲁沿海沙漠干旱适应植物群的分子进化和适应性辐射

• 批准号: 5362737
• 负责人: Dr. Julio Valentin Schneider
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-31 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5362737?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; evolution; adaptive; radiation; drought

Mechanisms of adaptive radiation as a consequence of adaptation to the arid conditions of the Chilean-Peruvian coastal deserts (Loma formations) will be studied in the genera Cristaria Cav., Palaua Cav. (Malvaceae), and in Cruckshanksia Hook. & Arn. (Rubiaceae). Since the coatal deserts are embraced by the high Andes (upt to 6000 m a.s.l.) many taxa are supposed to have Andean origins and to be derived from taxa of more mesic environmental conditions. The floristic communities of the lomas essentially function as terrestrial islands separated by hyperarid habitats where virtually no plants exist. Thus, conditions are comparable to those observed on island archipelagos, the paradigm of many radiations. The disparate histories of origin and migration of the selected taxa allows the comparative analysis of different stages of adaptive radiation. The study will focus on adaptions of vegetative traits, particularly the niche differentiation with reference to different life forms (geophytes, hemicryptophytes, chamaephytes, etc.) and its molecular base. Morphological, karyological, and molecular (principally AFLP) methods will be applied to recognize local differentiation and recent taxonomic and genetic divergence events.

将研究Cristaria Cav.属、Cristaria Cav.属和Cristaria Cav.属的适应性辐射机制，帕劳湾（锦葵科）和Cruckshanksia Hook. & Arn.（Rubiaceae）。由于coatal沙漠是由高安第斯山脉（高达6000米a.s.l.）许多分类群被认为起源于安第斯山脉，并源自更具梅西奇环境条件的分类群。洛马斯的植物群落基本上是陆地岛屿，被极端干旱的栖息地隔开，那里几乎没有植物存在。因此，条件与在岛屿群岛上观察到的情况相当，这是许多辐射的范例。不同的历史起源和迁移的选定类群允许比较分析不同阶段的适应性辐射。本研究将着重于营养性状的适应性，特别是不同生活型（地下植物、地面芽植物、地下芽植物等）的生态位分化。及其分子基础。形态学，核型和分子（主要是AFLP）的方法将被应用于识别本地分化和最近的分类和遗传分化事件。