Research on African Wildlife Management and Decentralization

自20世纪90年代以来，自然资源保护者被迫重新设计他们自上而下的、以国家为中心的保护，以努力走向权力下放，并采用更多的地方参与性方法，以同时实现保护和农村发展。本研究的目的是调查以下三个主题：(1)研究埃塞俄比亚政府1995年采取权力下放政策后野生动物保护政策的转变，(2)检查当地参与野生动物管理的情况，(3)讨论环境保护者如何将生计纳入基于社区的野生动物管理规划；通过将埃塞俄比亚的案例与其他国家的案例进行比较，研究中讨论的主题是非洲社区保护的现状和日本当地社区的案例。特别是，政策制定者并不认为地方实践对于“可持续的”野生动物管理是重要的。

Since 1990s, conservationists have been compelled to redesign their top-down, state-centered conservation in an effort to move toward decentralization and the adoption of more local participatory approaches to simultaneously achieve conservation and rural development.The objective of this study is to investigate the following three topics, (1) to examine the transition of wildlife conservation policies after the Ethiopian government adopted the decentralization policy in 1995, (2) to examine the situation of local participation in wildlife management, and (3) to discuss how conservationists should integrate livelihood into community-based wildlife management planning ; by comparing Ethiopian case with the case of the other countries.The topics discussed in the study are the current problematic situation about community conservation both in Africa and the case of local community in Japan. In particular, local praxis is not regarded as important for "sustainable" wildlife management by the policy-makers.