Assessment of decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi

空气传播木材腐烂真菌的腐烂风险评估

• 批准号: 20380105
• 负责人: MOMOHARA Ikuo
• 金额: $ 9.82万
• 依托单位: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2008 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20380105/
• 关键词: 空中浮遊菌; 腐朽; 腐朽リスク; エアサンプラー; 住宅; 外断熱; 含水率; 浮遊菌; 劣化リスク; 腐朽菌; 遺伝子; 同定; スギ; DNA; 針葉樹

The decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi was investigated by using an air sampler. Japanese cedar disks with moisture content at about 100% were placed in a "BIOSAMP" air sampler and exposed to 1, 000 liters of air. The disks were then incubated for 16-20 weeks in a damp container kept at 26℃. To investigate factors affecting mass loss%, relationship between wood characteristics and mass loss% were analyzed. Wood moisture content and ratio of heartwood area proved to be significant factors. Disks that were sampled on a cloudy day showed significantly higher mean mass loss% compared to those sampled on a sunny day. Taxa or species were determined from DNA sequences extracted from fungi grown on the cedar disk. Statistical analysis revealed, in the case of Tsukuba, related species of P. sordida play an important role in increasing the decay risk caused by airborne wood-decay fungi. It is proved that there was no significant difference between the decay risk of airborne fungi in Tsukuba and in Sapporo. This research reveals that there are same decay risk between the houses with exterior thermal insulation in Hokkaido and other areas.

采用空气采样器对空气中木材腐朽菌的腐朽风险进行了调查。将含水量约为100%的日本雪松圆盘放入“BIOSAMP”空气采样器中，并暴露于1000升空气中。然后在26℃下的潮湿容器中孵育圆盘16-20周。为探讨影响木材质量损失率的因素，分析了木材材性与质量损失率的关系。木材含水率和心材面积比是影响木材生长的重要因素。在阴天取样的样品与在晴天取样的样品相比显示出显著更高的平均质量损失%。从雪松盘上生长的真菌中提取的DNA序列确定了分类群或物种。统计分析表明，在筑波市，相关的臭皮侧耳在增加空气传播的木材腐烂真菌引起的腐烂风险方面起着重要作用。结果表明，筑波市和札幌市空气真菌的腐烂风险没有显著差异。研究结果显示，北海道的外墙外保温住宅与其他地区的外墙外保温住宅具有相同的腐朽风险。

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