Inter-ethnic Negotiations and Cultural Co-creations in Multicultural Hawaii : Case Studies in Okinawan, Japanese, Chinese and Korean Communities.

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We conducted field works in Hawaii for 3 years, especially in the ethnic festival seasons of Okinawan, Japanese, Chinese, and Korean communities. Our findings are : (1) the major ethnic groups in Hawaii had been starting up their ethnic festivals after W. W. II, (2) each festival had been gradually regarded as a part of Hawaii's local culture, (3) some strained relations had been in existence among the groups, which motivated them to start the festivals.