Study for the development of a novel treatment to prevent atherosclerosis with guava tea

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Oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the critical steps for the development of atherosclerosis and leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase has been suggested to play an essential role in this process. In this study, we demonstrated that guava leaf extracts inhibited not only the leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase activity but also LDL oxidation mediated by the enzyme-overexpressing J774A.1 cells. Oral administration of guava leaf extracts to apo E-knockout mice significantly reduced the area of atherogenic lesions developed in the aorta and aortic sinus. The major components inhibiting leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase contained in guava leaf extracts were identified as ethyl gallate and quercetin.