Studies on the physiological functions of phospholipases A2

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In PC12 cells, nerve growth factor(NGF) activates MAPK phosphorylation and induces neuronal differentiation, which is potently enhanced by lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC). No other lysophospholipids tested displayed similar activity. MAPK activation/phosphorylation that occurs downstream of other growth factors, such as epidermal and fibroblast growth factors, was not affected by LPC. TrkA autophosphorylation elicited by NGF was markedly enhanced by LPC, suggesting that the effect of LPC was specific to NGF-TrkA signaling pathway. AoPlaA in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae localizes to mitochondria. Subcellular fractionation experiment showed that AoPlaA localized to the intramembrane space of mitochondria. Phospholipid analysis demonstrated that phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin was decreased and increased in AoplaA-overexpressing and-deleted strains, respectively.