Comprehensive elucidation of estrogen receptor mediated signal pathways in hormone refractory prostate cancer

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To reconsider a significance of Estrogen-based therapy in hormone refractory prostate cancer and elucidate a comprehensive mechanisms through which two type of Estrogen receptor, ERα and ERβ,can differently mediate signal transduction pathways. Consequently, our study made it clear that ERα might act as a pedal but ERβ as a brake in progression of prostate cancer, and also suggested the possibility of molecular targeting therapy for ERβ and gene therapy using ERβ expression vector and its ligand Estradiol.