Behavioral approach for managing active lifestyle

规律的体力活动(PA)对健康和幸福有重要影响。鉴于日本成年人普遍缺乏运动，人们强烈期望进行方便、低成本的干预。因此，我们评估了几种针对低可读性参与者的行为干预。研究1：73名患有代谢综合征(MS)或有多种MS危险因素的受试者被选为基于小组的PA干预(GPI：40)或基于家庭的PA干预(HPI，N=33)。12周后，两组参与者的体重、体重指数(BMI)、脂肪百分比和腰臀比都有所下降。但GPI的减重效果更好。两组参与者都增加了步行步数、耐力健身和瘦体重。研究2：年龄在28岁到83岁之间的22名女性和15名男性的志愿者样本，他们久坐不动，没有心血管疾病，并报告中度睡眠主诉…更多的S。行为干预条件下的受试者被建议每天至少步行1000步。在4周后，BIC和仅提供信息条件(IPC)的受试者在匹兹堡睡眠质量指数全球睡眠评分、入睡潜伏期、总体力活动水平和步行行为方面均有显著改善。与IPC相比，BIC的受试者在OSA-MA(Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi中老年睡眠问卷)和行走行为方面的梦境得分有显著改善。虽然提供有关睡眠卫生的信息可以改善自我评估的睡眠质量，但增加中等强度的体力活动可能对中度睡眠抱怨的成年人更有改善。研究3：研究3：60名新诊断的2型糖尿病和糖耐量减低的男性患者参加了一门行为糖尿病教育课程(54.9±9.1年、体重指数=25.0±3.7 kg/m2)。所有睡眠障碍的总患病率为38.3%，包括入睡困难(DIS：6.7%)、维持睡眠困难(DMS：16.9%)和白天过度嗜睡(EDS：20.0%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，睡眠障碍与肥胖(优势比4.56[95%可信区间1.33~15.6])和多发性硬化(优势比6.78[95%可信区间1.88~24.41])有关。这些发现表明，糖尿病患者睡眠障碍的患病率与日本普通人群的报道相当，肥胖或代谢综合征可能是日本男性糖尿病患者睡眠障碍的重要危险因素。较少

Regular physical activity (PA) has an important influence on health and well-being. Given the prevalence of physical inactivity among Japanese adults, convenient, low-cost interventions are strongly expected. Therefore, we evaluated several behavioral interventions for participants with low readiness.Study 1: Seventy three subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS) or several MS risk factors were selected either Group-based PA Intervention (GPI: N=40) or Home-based PA Intervention (HPI, N=33). After 12-weeks, participants in both groups lost their weight, body mass index (BMI), %FAT, and waist-hip ratio. But weight loss in GPI was superior. Participants in both groups increased walking steps, endurance fitness, and lean body mass. These results suggested that group-based PA intervention had short-term beneficial effects on weight loss.Study 2: Volunteer sample of 22 women and 15 men aged 28 to 83 years who were sedentary, free of cardiovascular disease, and reported moderate sleep complaint … More s. Subjects in the behavioral intervention conditions (BIC) were recommended to promote a least 1000 walking steps per day. Subjects in both the BIC and only information provision conditions (IPC) showed significant improvement in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global sleep score, sleep onset latency, total physical activity levels, and walking behavior at 4 weeks . Compared with the IPC, subjects in the BIC showed significant improvement of dreaming scores in the OSA-MA (Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi sleep inventory for middle aged and aged) and walking behavior. Although information provision on sleep hygiene can improve self-rated sleep quality, adding moderate-intensity physical activity may be more improved in adults with moderate sleep complaints.Study 3: Subjects were 60 newly-diagnosed male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance who were attending a behavioral diabetes education class (54.9±9.1 years、BMI=25.0±3.7kg/m2). The overall prevalence of any sleep disturbances was 38.3%, including difficulty initiating sleep (DIS: 6.7%), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS: 16.9%), and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS: 20.0%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that any sleep disturbances was associated with obesity (odds ratio 4.56 [95%CI 1.33-15.6]) and MS (odds ratio 6.78 [95%CI 1.88-24.41]). These findings indicate that the prevalence of sleep disturbance in the diabetic patients is comparable to that reported in general population of Japan, and that obesity or metabolic syndrome may be important risk factors with sleep disturbances in Japanese male diabetic patients. Less