Elucidation of new molecular basis for prevention of obesity through the systems of nutritional sensor

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Here we investigated the effects of dietary xylitol on lipid metabolism and visceral fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Visceral fat mass and plasma lipid concentrations were significantly lower in xylitol-fed rats than those in HFD rats. Gene expression levels of PPARγ, adiponectin and lipolysis enzymes in the adipose tissue of rats in the xylitol group were significantly higher. Furthermore, the expression levels of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in the liver of xylitol-fed rats were significantly higher than those of HFD rats. In conclusion, intake of xylitol may be beneficial in preventing the development of obesity and metabolic abnormalities. However, the mechanism of prevention for the fat accumulation by the xylitol intake is unknown.