Design of standards for higher-order thinking and a system for school improvement

我探讨了两个中心研究问题：(1)如何为更高层次的思维设定标准，在当代后现代社会中，公共教育必须保证实现的目标；以及(2)如何设计课程、教学、评估和问责制度来达到这些标准。我阐明了一种方法，以设定跨课程能力的标准，如思维能力和沟通能力。我提出了一个基于具有挑战性的标准的有效、民主的学校改进系统的框架。

I explored two central research questions :(1) how to set standards for higher-order thinking, attainment targets that had to be guaranteed by public education in the contemporary post-modern society ; and(2) how to design a curriculum, instruction, assessment, and accountability system to attain these standards. I clarified a methodology to set standards for cross-curricular competencies such as thinking skills and communication skills. And I proposed a framework of an effective, democratic school improvement system based on challenging standards.