Edgar Kant's Pioneering Central Place Study in Northern Europe

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In 1935 Edgar Kant, an Estonian geographer in pre-World War II, firstly did research to test Christaller's central place theory in the world, which corresponds to the latter half of his Ph. D. thesis. Following Bobek(1935) who had criticized Christaller's methodology to measure the centrality using the number of telephones without taking into account the economic base of urban settlement, Kant classified central places in Estonia based on the industrial population. Soon after then, Kant's study on central places was applied to make a plan of territorial reorganization of municipalities in Estonia just independent of the Russian Empire. This applied work is also the first attempt to apply central place theory to the planning in the world, heralding Germany, the cradle of central place theory.