Behavioral Approach to Migration within Tama New Town

从居住环境的物质和社会两个方面分析了塔玛新城居住环境变迁引起的移民问题。对塔玛新城内新近迁入的两类居民及其周边居民进行问卷调查，了解居民迁居的原因及居住环境评价。被抽样调查家庭的平均形象具有白领特征。一家之主是四十多岁，家庭成员有四人的阶级。导致居住变化的主要原因是孩子的出生和成长以及对居住环境的不满。搬迁户对住房大小、住房规划等与居住相关的项目的不满程度远高于留守户。利用地理信息系统对居住环境综合评价的空间分布进行了分析，结果表明，综合评价依赖于地形和各种公共、商业设施的可达性。对搬家或留下来的决定进行的Logit建模表明，搬家的决定很好地解释了与居住相关的变量，而不是与居住环境相关的变量，如舒适性、安全性和便利性。

Migration caused by residential change within Tama New Town is analyzed with special reference to both of physical and social aspects of residential environment. Questionnaires were distribnted to the two types of sampled households which have recently changed residence within Tama New Town and those neighboring to them in order to obtain the data on reasons of residential change and evaluation of residential environment. The average image of the sampled households is characteristic of white-collar. class whose head of the household is in his forties and whose number of household members is four. The main reasons of residential change are attributed to the birth and growth of their children and dissatisfaction with residential environment. Moved households are much more dissatisfied with residence-relevant items such as the size of house and the plan of house than stayed-households. Spatial distribution of composite evaluation of residential environment is analyzed with GIS, so that it turns out that the evaluation depends on topography and accessibility to various, public and commercial facilities. Logit modeling on the decision to move or to stay reveals that the decision to move is well accounted for by residence-relevant variables rather than living-environment-relevant variables such as amenity, safety and convenience.