Longitudinal follow-up study of patients at risk mental state by using neurophysiological methods to clarify pathophysiology of schizophrenia and obtain its neurophysiological biomarker

本文应用两种神经生理学方法对新近发病的精神分裂症患者和超高危人群进行了研究，探讨了与精神分裂症病理生理有关的GABA和NMDA系统的功能障碍。首发精神分裂症患者存在GABA系统功能障碍，这种功能障碍与工作记忆障碍有关。结果表明，GABA调节干预精神分裂症的早期过程。精神分裂症患者和极高危人群均存在NMDA系统功能障碍。结果支持NMDA系统功能障碍参与精神分裂症临床发病前灰质体积减少的假说。

We examined recent onset schizophrenic patients and ultra high risk subjects by using two neurophysiological methods to evaluate dysfunction of GABA and NMDA systems which is assumed to be related with pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The resent onset schizophrenic patients showed dysfunction of GABA system, and this dysfunction was correlated with working memory disturbance. The results suggest GABA-modulating interventions in the early course of schizophrenia. The ultra high risk subjects showed dysfunction of NMDA system as well as schizophrenic patients. The results support the hypothesis that dysfunction of NMDA system is involved in decrease of gray matter volume even before clinical onset of schizophrenia.