Construction of wood refinery through two-step iron-catalyzed carbonization and development of highly functional materials from the woody nano carbon

用水相浸渍法制备了含铁量为3wt%的针叶木粉和阔叶木，在850℃下炭化1h，详细考察了在500℃以下蒸馏出的轻质焦油和500℃以上析出的气态组分的燃料性质，以及结晶介孔碳作为导电填料和大分子的液相吸附剂的质量和容量。与早期开发的镍催化碳化相比，在900℃下碳化1h足以证明上述铁催化碳化作为木材精炼工艺用于联合生产流体燃料和功能碳具有良好的商业应用前景。在这方面，不是硝酸铁，而是醋酸铁被推荐作为环境负荷方面的催化剂前体。此外，还考察了在500℃下制备的铁炭在700~900℃的KOH活化条件下对双电层电容器电极炭的适应性。由于超细铁粒子以量子点的形式存在于该焦中，使介孔得到了有效的发展，使活性铁焦的性能超过了商品炭。因此，这种铁炭衍生电极被认为是实用的。

Powdered softwood and hardwood loaded with 3 wt % iron by aqueous impregnation were carbonized at 850℃ for１h to in detail examine both fuel properties of light tar distilled off at below 500°C and gaseous components evolved at above 500°C and the quality and capacity of crystallized mesoporous carbon as electro-conductive filler and liquid phase adsorbent for macromolecules. Comparison with earlier developed nickel-catalyzed carbonization at 900°C for 1 h was adequate for demonstrating the promising commercial operation of the above iron-catalyzed carbonization as wood refinery process for coproduction of fluid fuels and functional carbon. In this connection, not iron nitrate but iron acetate was recommended as the catalyst precursor in terms of environmental load. Furthermore, the aptitude of Fe-char prepared at 500℃ for electrode carbon of electric double layer capacitor as a new application was checked after activation with KOH at 700-900℃. Because ultrafine iron particles existed as quantum dot in this char made mesoporosity develop effectively, the activated Fe-char exceeded commercial carbon in the performance. Thus, this Fe char-derived electrode was considered to be practical.