Construction of wood refinery through two-step iron-catalyzed carbonization and development of highly functional materials from the woody nano carbon

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Powdered softwood and hardwood loaded with 3 wt % iron by aqueous impregnation were carbonized at 850℃ for１h to in detail examine both fuel properties of light tar distilled off at below 500°C and gaseous components evolved at above 500°C and the quality and capacity of crystallized mesoporous carbon as electro-conductive filler and liquid phase adsorbent for macromolecules. Comparison with earlier developed nickel-catalyzed carbonization at 900°C for 1 h was adequate for demonstrating the promising commercial operation of the above iron-catalyzed carbonization as wood refinery process for coproduction of fluid fuels and functional carbon. In this connection, not iron nitrate but iron acetate was recommended as the catalyst precursor in terms of environmental load. Furthermore, the aptitude of Fe-char prepared at 500℃ for electrode carbon of electric double layer capacitor as a new application was checked after activation with KOH at 700-900℃. Because ultrafine iron particles existed as quantum dot in this char made mesoporosity develop effectively, the activated Fe-char exceeded commercial carbon in the performance. Thus, this Fe char-derived electrode was considered to be practical.