Research on Twentieth Century Italian Art: Avant-garde, Ritorno al classico and Modernism

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The objective of this research is to re-examine the various problems surrounding historical avant-gardes, “ritorno al classico (Return to the Classicism)” and Modernism in the paintings and writings in the Italian Art of the first half of Twentieth Century. The European painters who experienced the era of avant-gardes painting, entered the “ritorno al classico” era from mid-1910s. The present research has analyzed mainly the iconography, the style and the techniques, focusing on the memory of classical antiquity, art of the past and mythological themes in the individual works, through a survey of paintings and intensive reading of writings by painters themselves, and has demonstrated the diverse aspects of the relation between avant-gardes and classicism.