CD1/lipid immunity-based vaccines against AIDS

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Effective protein vaccines against infection with human immunodeficiency virus remain to be established. The difficulties arise from the frequent escape mutations, and thus, identification of T cell epitopes that admit of no arbitrary mutations is crucial. We have identified cytotoxic T cell responses to myristoylated Nef peptides(lipopeptides) both in cell culture and in the monkey model of human AIDS. Because the protein myristoylation occurs in highly conserved amino acid sequences and is critical for virulence, the present study underscored the possibility that lipopeptides could be an ideal target for anti-AIDS vaccines.