Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Security and International Law: Regulatory Mechanisms for Peaceful Use of Dual-Use Substance

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Dual-use nature of chemical substance requires a balance between ensuring its peaceful use and preventing its misuse. The balance may vary depending on the circumstances. Non-proliferation becomes more important in the contemporary international community in which proliferation of chemical weapons to non-state actors is recognized as a threat. In order to address this issue, the international community has taken a multi-legal approach. Given a change in the balance between peaceful use and non-proliferation, the fundamental responsibility of States to maintain this balance remains same. It is essential that each State is fully equipped with national capacity to implement the multi-legal approach.